Campanulaceae

Campanula betulifolia

Campanula L. Campanula betulifolia C. KOCH Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 5 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 9 Habitat: volkanik yarıklar, kalkerli uçurumlar Minimum yükseklik: 250 Maksimum yükseklik: 2285 Endemik: endemik Element: Karadeniz Türkiye dağılımı: KD. Anadolu Genel dağılımı: Türkiye Bulunduğu kareler: A7 A8 A9

C. betulifolia C.Koch in Linnaea 23:635 (1850). Syn: C. denticulata Boiss. & Huet in Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2(3): 107 (1856)! C. betulifolia var. exappendiculata Albov in Acta Horti Petrop. 13(1): 116 (1893)! C.finitima Fomin in Monit. Jard. Bot. Tiflis 1:15 (1905)! Symphyandra finitima (Fomin) Fomin in Fl. Cauc. Crit. 4(6): 151 (1906)! Ic: Crook, Campanulas 47 (1951).   Glabrous or finely pubescent perennial. Stems numerous, ascending, flexuous or decumbent, rarely erect, (6-)10-25(-35) cm, leafy, branched in upper part. Leaves thick, almost glabrous, rarely finely pubescent. Basal and lower cauline leaves ovate, to 4-6 cm, petiolate; median largest, ovate to broadly ovate with sometimes cordate base, 1-7 x 0.7-4 cm, acutely dentate, bidentate or irregularly dentate, obtuse or acute, petiolate; uppermost oblong-lanceolate, ± sessile. Flowers 1-4, erect, pedicellate, in almost corymb-like inflorescence. Calyx lobes very variable in size and form, broadly triangular to lanceolate, acute, 6-15 x 4-6 mm, subentire, glabrous or pubescent, spreading-erect, patent after flowering. Calyx appendages lanceolate, acute, 2-5 mm or absent, shorter than obconical ovary. Corolla campanulate, 16-35 x 10-30 mm, divided to ¼ into ovate, acute lobes, white or pale pink, glabrous or slightly pubescent outside. Style included. Stigmas 3. Capsule erect, obconical 6-4 mm. Seeds ellipsoid, 1 x 0.4 mm, dark brown, shiny. Fl. 5-9. Crevices of volcanic igneous and limestone cliffs, 250-2285 m.   Type: [Turkey A8 Çoruh] im Tschabantzthale (Capans valley) auf Porphyr, 1680-1830 m, C. Koch (holo. B, destroyed).   N.E. Anatolia. A7 Sivas: 10 km from Şebinkarahisar to Giresun, 1400 m, Stn. & Hend. 5806! Giresun: below Tamdere, 1600 m, D. 20634! Gümüşane: Tempede, Sint. 1894:7080! A8 Gümüşane: Bayburt castle, v 1853, Huet! Erzurum: Çoruh gorge nr Ispir, 1100 m, GuichardTUR/128/62! Trabzon: N. slope of Soğanli Da., above Çaykara, 1600 m, D. 43103! Rize: Ortaköy to Çat, 1600-2000 m, D. 21187! A9 Çoruh: Ardanuç, 22 v 1914, Turkevicz!   Endemic. Euxine element. A variable species, in habit like Symphyandra pendula (Bieb.) A.DC. from the Caucasus, but with anthers not always connate. Closely allied to C. troegerae. C.finitima Fomin falls completely within the range of variation of C. betulifolia.