Asteraceae

Centaurea urvillei subsp. urvillei

Centaurea L. Centaurea urvillei DC. subsp. urvillei DC. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 6 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 7 Habitat: kayalık yamaç, maki, Pinus orman açıklığı Minimum yükseklik: 0 Maksimum yükseklik: 2000 Endemik: - Element: D. Akdeniz Türkiye dağılımı: Dış Anadolu Genel dağılımı: Ege Adaları Bulunduğu kareler:A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B10 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7

C. urvillei DC, Prodr. 6:592 (1838).   Short-lived perennial (or biennial ?), 5-30 cm, stem simple or branched from near base. Leaves slightly arachnoid to distinctly tomentose; lyrate with triangular, rhombic or oblong-ovate terminal segments and few to numerous lanceolate, oblong or lyrate lateral segments, interspersed with small lobes. Involucre 20-40 x 15-40 mm, ovoid to globose. Appendages very variable (see subspecies) with numerous cilia (2-)3-5(-7) mm, ending in 10-30 mm spine (incl. spine). Flowers rose-purple or whitish, marginal slightly radiant. Achenes 4-6 mm; pappus (5-)8-ll(-13) mm. Bristles of the receptacle 15-20 mm. 2n = 20, 40.   A very polymorphic species the treatment of which can be only provisional. I have distinguished five subspecies connected by transitional forms although the extremes (subsp. urvillei and subsp. hayekiana) look very different and could easily be taken for species. The geographical differentiation is only partial, especially where the areas of subsp. urvillei and subsp. armata overlap. C. urvillei is endemic to Turkey and closely related to C. lydia and C. raphanina sensu lato. 1. Appendages (excl. cilia) 2-4(-5) mm broad at base, rarely more than 20 mm long; stem very short or elongate and mostly rather slender    2. Lateral segments of leaves entire or dentate; capitula few (1-4) subsp. urvillei    2. Lateral segments of leaves at least partly lyrate; plants usually with more than 4 capitula subsp. stepposa 1. Appendages 4-9 mm broad at base, usually over 20 mm long; stem short or elongated, always stout      3. Appendages 4-6(-7) mm broad at base, with (5-)8-12 cilia on each side subsp. armata      3. Appendages (5-)6-9 mm broad at base, with 11-15 cilia on each side        4. Appendages abruptly contracted into terminal spine, usually straw-coloured; flowers mostly whitish subsp. hayekiana        4. Appendages gradually narrowed into spine, brown; flowers rose-purple subsp. nimrodis subsp. urvillei. Syn: Aegialophila longispina Cand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 44:146 (1897); Centaurea urvillei DC. var. leptacantha Bornm. in Beih. Bot. Centr. 38(2):464 (1921); C. chiosicola Beauv. & Topali in Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, sér. 2, 26:156 (1936) & in Candollea 7:276 (1937)! 2n = 20. Fl. 6-7. Rocky slopes, macchie, open Pinus forests, nr s.1.-2000 m.   Type: [Is] in collibus elatis insulae Sami (Samos), D'Urville (holo. G-DC!). Mainly Outer Anatolia, Islands. A2(A) Bilecik: Bilecik, 300 m, D. 36517! A3 Bolu: above Abant G., Wagenitz 236! A4 Zonguldak: Kel tepe above Sorgun Y., 1700 m, D. 37856! A5 Çorum: Hacihamza N.E. of Kös Da., Watson et al. 3482! A7 Trabzon: Maçka to Hamisköy, 900 m, Balls 1636! Bl Izmir: Kemalpaşa, Nif Da., Alaya et al. 4901! B2 Kütahya: 8 km from Abide to Simav, 800 m, Coode & Jones 2576! B3 Isparta: Barla Da., 2000 m, Khan et al. 395! B5 Kayseri: Erciyas Da., 1400 m, 19 vi 1902, Zederbauer! B6 Maraş: Göksun to Elbistan, 1400 m, Stn. & Hend. 5597! Cl Muğla: c. 50 km from Marmaris, on road to Datça, 180 m, Barclay 1647! C2 Muğla: Fethiye to Kaş, Bozakman & Fitz 384! C3 Burdur: Burdur to Tefenni, 1 km W. of Yassigüme, 900-950 m, Demiriz et al. 5305! C4 Mersin: Çamurla Y. to Olucak, D. 16303! C5 Niğde: river valley W. of Maden, Darrah 275! C6 Gaziantep: Aintab (Gaziantep), Haradj. 1328! Is: Khios, 250 m, viii 1929, Topali (type of C. chiosicola)! Samos, Arvanitis, Gathorne-Hardy 513! Kos, Hansen 485.   E. Medit. element. The subspecies shows considerable variation in the length of the appendages (spines); these are shortest in some gatherings from S.W. Anatolia, e.g. C2 Muğla: 47 km from Fethiye to Dirmil, 800 m, Hub.-Mor. 5785!