Centaurea virgata

Asteraceae

Centaurea virgata

Centaurea L.
Centaurea virgata LAM.
Ömür: Çok yıllık
Yapı: ot
Hayat formu:
İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 6
Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 9
Habitat: kurak tepeler, step, kurak boş alan
Minimum yükseklik: 100
Maksimum yükseklik: 2000
Endemik: -
Element: İran-Turan
Türkiye dağılımı: Karasal Anadolu, KB. Anadolu, D. Anadolu
Genel dağılımı: Bulgaristan, Lübnan, Anti-Lübnan, Transkafkasya, K. Irak, Afganistan, Türkistan
Bulunduğu kareler:A2 A3 A4 A5 A7 A8 A9 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C10

C. virgata Lam., Encycl. 1:670 (1785). Syn: see below.
  Perennial with woody base and several stems (20-)30-70 cm, profusely branched with rigid spreading branches. Leaves arachnoid to thinly tomentose; lower (2-)pinnatipartite (withered at flowering time), median pinnatipartite with few distant linear segments l-2(-3) mm broad, upper simple. Capitula single or often two together at end of branches, mostly deciduous after flowering. Involucre 7-9 x 3-4 mm, fusiform. Appendages small (basal part of phyllaries visible), usually straw-coloured with large purplish-brown spots, mostly spreading or reflexed, with 5-10 cilia (1-2 mm) on each side, ending in a 0.5-2 mm mucro. Flowers (rose-)purple, marginal scarcely radiant, hermaphrodite flowers 4-8(-10). Achenes 3-3.8 mm; pappus 0.5-3.5 mm or absent. Fl. 6-9. Dry hills, steppe, dry waste ground, 100-2000 m.
  Described from cultivated plants, seeds collected 'dans l'Arménie' by A. Michaux (holo. P, photo!).
Widespread, especially in Inner Anatolia. A variable species which for the area under study has provisionally been divided into 4 informal groups ('variants') in an earlier publication (Willdenowia 6:484, 1972).
1. Terminal mucro 0.5-1 mm, straight Group B
1. Terminal mucro longer, (1-)1.5-2.5 mm, curved or reflexed
   2. Pappus absent or very short (-0.5 mm), (7-)8-10 cilia on each side of appendage Group C
   2. Pappus longer, 5-8(-9) cilia on each side of appendage
     3. Pappus (0.5-) 1-2 mm, capitula closed at fruiting time Group A
     3. Pappus (2-)2.5-3.5 mm, capitula ± open at fruiting time Group D
Group A. Syn: C. squarrosa Willd., Sp. Pl. 3(3): 2319 (1803), nom. illegit. (non C. squarrosa Roth); C. virgata Lam. var. squarrosa Boiss., Fl. Or. 3:651 (1875)!
C. virgata Lam. subsp. squarrosa Gugler in Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Hung. 6:248 (1907/8)! C. squarrosa Willd. var. colensis C.Koch in Linnaea 24:434 (1851)! G. squarrosa Willd. var. rubella Schultz Bip. in Exsicc. Th. Kotschy, Pl. Alepp. Kurd. Moss. no. 303 (1843)! Ic: Prodan, Centaur. Roman. t. 33a (1930). Figure 20, p. 487.
  Mainly Inner Anatolia. A2(A) Bilecik: Bilecik, on the way to Yenişehir, Dingier 178! A3 Bolu: N. of Bolu, 810 m, Wagenitz & Beug 117! A5 Tokat: nr Zile, 1200-1500 m, Borum. 1889:1119! A7 Gümüşane: Taltaban, Sint. 1894: 7407c! A8 Gümüşane: Colas nr Bayburt, Bourgeau 133! A9 Kars: below Kağizman, 1300 m, D. 46838! B3 Konya: Sultan Da., nr Akşehir, 1000 m, Bornm. 1899:5205! B4 Ankara: 10 km from Koçhisar at Tuz G., Rech. 15282! B5 Nevşehir: Ürgüp, 1250 m, Sorger 70-37-13! B6 Sivas: nr Deliktaş, 1400 m, M.&D.Zohary 3600! B7 Erzincan: S.E. of Mecidiyeköy, S. of Sipikör Da., 1900 m, Demiriz 5951! B8 Muş: Murat valley, 26 km from Muş to Varto, 1420 m, D. 46095! B9 Van: Edremit, 2000 m, D. 22649! B10 Ağri: 7 km N. of Doğubayazit, 1510 m, Buttler 14425! C2 Denizli: nr the ruins of Pamukkale, Alava 5292, Bocquet! C4 Konya: Konya to Çumra, 980 m, Helbaek 2620! C5 Niğde: Madenköy, 1670 m, Spitz. 156! B/C6 Maraş: W. foot of Nuruhak Da.,
D. 20448! C10 Hakkari: Yüksekova, 1950 m, Duncan & Tail 186! Group B. (C. virgata Lam. sensu stricto)
  N.W. & Inner Anatolia. A2(A) Bilecik: Bilecik, Dingier 251! A3 Adapazari: Geyve, 100 m, D. 36295! B3 Konya: Sultan Da. nr Akşehir, 1000 m, Bornm. 1899:5203! C6 Gaziantep: Gaziantep, 650 m, 20 vi 1865, Hausskn.! Malatya: 9 km N.E. of Gölbaşi, 850 m, Sorger 71-42-1! B7 Sivas: 8 km N.E. of Divriği, 1200 m, Sorger 70-31-7! Erzincan: S.E. of Cirzini, 1400-1500 m, Demiriz 5805! Group C.
Mainly Inner Anatolia. A2(A) Istanbul: Fenerbagtche (Fenerbahçe), 23 vi 1916, Azn.! A4Çankiri: Çankiri, 800m, Bornm. 1929:14314! Ankara: nr Kalecik, 700-800 m, Bornm. 1929:14312! A5 Kastamonu: Tosya, Karvak Tschesme, Sint. 1892:4524! B2/3 Kütahya: Hantaşi boğazi, Leblebici & Ersoy (EGE 6318)! B4 Ankara: Beynam, D. 13014! Konya: Cihanbeyli to Ankara, 32 km from Kulu, 1000 m, Dudley (D. 35961)! C2 Denizli: Tavas to Denizli, 800-900 m, Dudley (D. 35560b)! C3(?) Konya: 7 km N. of Bademli, 1450 m, Spitz. 18! Group D.
  E. Anatolia. A7 Gümüşane: Kurdomer, Sint. 1894:7407! B8 Muş: Muş, C. Koch 2099!
  Distribution of species: Bulgaria, Lebanon, Anti-Lebenon, Transcaucasia, N. Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkestan. Ir.-Tur. element, and often a leading species. Most of the specimens outside Turkey seem to belong to Group A. In Turkey intermediates between different groups are not rare. Moreover, Group C is connected by a few mtermediate specimens with C. calolepis Boiss., e.g. C3 Konya: Suberde nr Seydişehir, Bordaz 15!