Gentianaceae

Centaurium erythraea subsp. turcicum

Centaurium HILL Centaurium erythraea RAFN subsp. turcicum (VELEN.) MELDERIS Ömür: İki yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 5 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 7 Habitat: dere kenarlaraı, seyrek ormanlık yerler, çayırlıklar ve kırlar Minimum yükseklik: 0 Maksimum yükseklik: 2300 Endemik: - Element: ? Türkiye dağılımı: Türkiye Genel dağılımı: Balkanlar, Lübnan, K. Irak, K. ve B. İran, Kafkasya, Afganistan Bulunduğu kareler:A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B1 B2 B4 B6 B9 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C9

C. erythraea Rafn, Danm. Hoist. Fl. 2:75 (1800). Syn: C. minus Garsault, Fig. PI. Anim. t. 206 (1764), nom. invalid.; C. minus Moench, Meth. 449 (1794), nom. ambig.; C. umhellatum Gilib., Fl. Lith. 1:35 (1781), nom. invalid.; Erythraea centaurium Borkh. in Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1:30 (1796), p.p.; E. centaurium Pers., Syn. PI. 1 :283 (1805), p.p.   Usually biennial with a distinct basal rosette. Stem 5-50(-80) cm, corymbosely branched above. Basal leaves obovate to elliptical, 3-7-veined, uppermost linear. Flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate. Calyx 3-7 mm, 1/2-3/4 x corolla tube. Corolla pink to purple, rarely white; tube 6-11 mm, lobes 4-9 mm. - A complex species in need of further investigation, with 4 subspecies occurring in Turkey. 1. Corolla lobes 5-9 mm, more than 1/2 x tube; capsule distinctly exceeding calyx; upper part of stems, bracts and calyces ± scabrid subsp. rhodense 1, Corolla lobes usually less than 6 mm, c. 1/2 x tube; capsule slightly longer than calyx    2. Corolla lobes usually 2-5-5 mm; inflorescence lax; annual subsp. rumelicum    2. Corolla lobes usually 4-6 mm; inflorescence fairly dense; usually biennial      3. Upper parts of stems, margins of bracts and calyces ± scabrid subsp. turcicum      3. Stems, bracts and calyces smooth subsp. erythraea subsp. turcicum (Velen.) Melderis in J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) 65:232 (1972). Syn: Erythraea centaurium sensu Boiss., Fl. Or. 4:68 (1875) p.p.; E. turcica Velen., Fl. Bulg. 384 (1891); Centaurium minus subsp. turcicum (Velen.) Soo in Soo & Jâvorka, Magyar Növ. Kez. I :480 (1951). Fl. 5-7. Streamsides, open woodlands, meadows and fields, s.1.-2300 m.   Described from Bulgaria, nr Varna.   Widespread. A1(E) Tekirdağ: Gölcük köyü, A.Baytop (lSTE 13502)! A2(E) Istanbul: Belgrad forest, 20 vii 1920, B.Post! A2(A) Istanbul: 8 km E. of Beykoz, 350 m, Edmondson 413! A3 Sakarya: Arifiye, 30 m, D. 36269! A4 Zonguldak: Yenice, at the Zonguldak to Ankara railway, 1500 m, Kühne 1096! A5 Amasya: S. of Gözlek bridge. Kirk Göz, 17 vi 1955, Çetik! A6 Sivas: Yildiz Da., Cirçir, 1400 m, Tobey 2330! A8 Rize: Rize, 10 m, D. 20817! Bl Çanakkale: 10 km. N. of Ezine, Andersen et al. 2044! B2 Balikesir: 23 km from Balikesir to Susurluk, 200 m, Simon 69-306. B4 Ankara: Beynam nr Ankara, D. 13050! B6 Adana: d. Feke, Göksu gorge below Himmetli, 700-800 m, D. 19826! B9 Van: Erek Da., 1980 m, D. 22908! Cl Muğla: Turgut harbour, s.I., Dudley (D. 35468)! C2 Denizli: d. Acipayam, Boz Da. at Geyran Y., 1370 m, D. 13329! C2/3 Antalya: Elmali to Finike road, Khan et al. 217! C4 lçel: nr Anamur, v 1872, Peroninl C5 Adana: d. Feke, Sencan De., Süphandere to Belanköy, 1000 m, D. 19583! C6 Adana: Karatepe, 200 m, Sorger 71-31-23! C9 Hakkari: Çukurca, 1200 m, D. 44755! Is: Samos, Gathorne-Hardy 819!   Balkans, Lebanon, N. Iraq, N. & W. Iran, Caucasia, Afghanistan, Baluchistan,