Asteraceae

Cichorium intybus

Cichorium intybus

Cichorium L. Cichorium intybus L. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 4 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 9 Habitat: ekili tarla, çayırlık, boş alan Minimum yükseklik: 0 Maksimum yükseklik: 3050 Endemik: - Element: ? Türkiye dağılımı: Türkiye Genel dağılımı: Avrupa, B. Asya, K. Afrika Bulunduğu kareler:A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C8

C. intybus L., Sp. Pl. 813 (1753). Syn: C. glabratum C.Presl, Fl. Sic. 1:32 (1826); C. intybus var. glabratum (C.Presl) Gren. & Godron, Fl. Fr. 2:286 (1850); C. byzantinum Clem., Sert. Or. 51 (1857); C. intybus var. eglandulosa Freyn & Sint. in Öst. Bot. Zeitschr. 44:259 (1894)! Ic: Reichb., Ic. Fl. Germ. 19: t. 1357 (1858); Ross-Craig, Draw. Brit. Pl. 17: t. 26 (1962).   Roughly hairy or ± glabrous perennial herb with a stout tap root. Stems stiff, grooved, 20-100 cm. Basal leaves shortly petiolate, oblanceolate. toothed to runcinate. Cauline leaves similar but sessile and often with acute auricles. Capitula 2.5-3.5 cm broad, axillary or at ends of thickend peduncles. Outer phyllaries ovate, often spreading; inner lanceolate, 2-3 x longer than outer, glabrous or with stout hairs towards apex. Pappus 8-10 x shorter than achene. Fl. (4-)6-9. Cultivated fields, meadows and waste places, s.1.-3050 m.   Described from Europe (Hb. Linn. 962/1, photo!).   Widespread. A1(E) Edirne: 3 km from Havsa to Edirne, 915 m, McNeill 203! A2(E) Istanbul: Therapia (Tarabya), 6 vii 1890, Azn.! A2(A) Istanbul: Anadolu-hisari, 9 viii 1916, Azn.! A3 Bolu: d. Aladağ, 1300 m, Alpay 216. A4 Çankiri: 46 km S. of Karabük, 800 m, Sorger 69-8-10! A5 Kastamonu: Tosya, Sint. 1892:4919 (type of var. eglandulosa)!. A6 Ordu: 6 km W. of Ünye, Sorger 69-12-10! A7 Giresun: Giresun, Duygu 90. A8 Erzurum: pass between Tortum and Oltu, 2300 m, D. 47610! A9 Çoruh: Ardanuç, 580 m, 6 viii 1966, Steiner! B1 Izmir: 6 km E. of Menemen, 10 m, Buttler 13107! B2 Kütahya: plain of Simav, 850 m, E. Anglia Exped. C8! B3 Eskişehir: N. of Eskişehir, 1200 m, M.&D.Zohary 2716! B4 Ankara: Ankara, 18 vi 1953, M.Zohary! B5 Nevşehir: Nar, 3 km N. of Nevşehir, 1250 m, Roper 88! B6 Maraş: Elbistan, Asdurian. B7Tunceli: Ovacik, 1400 m, D. 31455! B8 Elaziğ: 55km W. of Bingöl, c. 1200 m, M.Zohary 47117! B9 Ağri: Suluçem (Musun) to Balik G., 2150 m, D. 47258! B10 Ağri: 11 km from Doğubayazit to Iğdir, Hewitt 194! C1 Izmir: Kuşadasi, 10 m, Sorger 65-9-88! C2 Antalya: Kaş to Elmali, Khan et al. 225! C3 Antalya: Kozrasi between Antalya and Finike, 1200 m, Khan et al. 247! C4 Konya: Konya to Çumra, Küçük Köy, 980 m, Helbaek 2612! C5 Içel: Tarsus, Deaver T 117! C6 Hatay: Hassan Beyli, 1300-1700 m, Haradj. 2220! C8 Mardin: Mardin, Sint. 1888:1025! Is: Bozca, Forsskâl; Lesvos, Cand.; Psara, Werner; Ikaria, Runemark & Snogerup 11450; Lipsoi, Runemark; Kos, Rech. 7923; Rodhos, Fiori 545.   Europe, W. Asia, N. Africa. Introduced world-wide. The roots are dried and ground to be blended with coffee (Turkish 'hindiba'). The flowers open early in the day and close soon after noon.