Asteraceae

Cirsium pubigerum var. spinosum

Cirsium MILLER Cirsium pubigerum (DESF.) DC. var. spinosum PETRAK Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 6 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 9 Habitat: akarsu kenarı, nadiren orman Minimum yükseklik: 1550 Maksimum yükseklik: 3000 Endemik: - Element: ? Türkiye dağılımı: G. Anadolu (Anti-Toroslar), GB. Anadolu Genel dağılımı: K. Irak, KB. İran Bulunduğu kareler:A4 A7 A8 A9 B6 B7 B8 B9 C9 C10

C. pubigerum (Desf.) DC, Prodr. 6:650 (1838). Petrak in Mitt. Thür. Bot. Ges. 2(1): 15-22 (1960).   Perennial, 100-125 cm, very variable in habit and leaf shape. Stems shortly winged or unwinged (rarely long-winged), subcorymbose to divaricately paniculate above. Median cauline leaves shallowly sinuate-lobed or toothed to pinnatifid to ¾, herbaceous to coriaceous, glabrous, ± pubescent or rarely sparsely arachnoid, the ascending or patent lobes or teeth broadly triangular to lanceolate, entire to 2-4-fid, spinulose-margined and tipped by 2-7-{-10) mm spines. Capitula mostly pedunculate or subsessile and clustered on branch tips, with or without reduced subtending leaf spines. Involucres hemispherical, 15-23 mm. Phyllaries 5-7-seriate, median oblong-lanceolate, usually papillose and ciliolate, apex attenuate with conspicuous blackish narrowly oblong subcarinate vitta extending 2-3 mm down phyllary, with a yellowish erecto-patent terminal 0.5-2 mm spine. Corollas 18-22 mm, purple (rarely white). Achenes 3.5-4 mm. Pappus 15-16 mm. Fl. 6-9. By streams, rarely in forests, 1400-3000 m. 1. Cauline leaves doubly dentate to lobed to ½-way, longer spines 2-3 mm; phyllary spines 0.5-1 mm    2. Leaves divided to ½-way into triangular-lanceolate lobes; peduncles 0.2-3 cm; involucre 18-22 mm var. glomeratum    2. Leaves shortly and closely sinuate-lobed to doubly dentate; peduncles 2-12 cm; involucre 15-20 mm var. caniforme 1. Cauline leaves pinnatifid to ½-¾, longer spines 3-7(-10) mm; phyllary spines 1-2 mm      3. Leaf lobes separated by U-shaped sinus; corymb lax, with ascending branches; peduncles 0.2-9(-ll) cm; involucre 18-23 mm; phyllary spines 1-2 mm var. paphlagonicum      3. Leaf lobes separated by wide square sinus; panicle divaricately branched, peduncles 0.2-3 cm; involucre 15-18 mm; phyllary spines c. 1 mm var. spinosum var. spinosum Petrak in Mitt. Thür. Bot. Ges. 2(1): 19 (1960). Syn: C. iraqense Petrak in Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 1972 (8):5 (1972)! Figure 18, p. 379.   Type: Iraq, Berg Helgurd in der Nähe der persichen Grenze im Tale oberhalb Nowanda, 2600 m, 10-14 viii 1957, Rechinger (W).   S. (Anti-Taurus) and S.E. Anatolia. B6 Maraş: d. Çardak, Kandil Tepe, 1900 m, D. 20238! B9 Van: Halanduran Da. (Başkale to Van), 3000 m, McNeill 713! C10 Hakkari: 2-5 km from Şemdinli to Yüksekova, 1550 m, D. 45011 (stem and lower leaf surface sparsely arachnoid)!   N. Iraq, N.W. Iran. The following specimens from B7 have the long leaf spines of var. spinosum but in other characters approach var. pubigerum: Erzincan: Keşiş Da. above Cimin, D. 31823! Sipikör Da., Hub.-Mor. 15945! Munzur Da., T.Baytop (ISTE 23188a)! Petrak records C. pubigerum var. elbrusense (Somm. & Lev.) Petrak (op. cit. 20) from Turkey (A8/9 Erzurum: d. Oltu, Kasi-kopri, Koenig), but no material of this taxon has been seen. Distribution of species: N. Iraq, Transcaucasia; N. Iran?   C. pubigerum (Desf.) DC. (based on Cnicus pubigerus Desf.) was described from cultivated material of unknown origin. The type has been seen from Fl, and resembles var. spinosum in leaf shape; however it is unusually arachnoid and has a very lax inflorescence with few, large, long-peduncled heads. It therefore seems wisest not to treat var. spinosum as a synonym of var. pubigerum.