| Apiaceae |
 Eryngium campestre var. virens |
 Eryngium campestre var. virens |
Eryngium L. |
| E. campestre L., Sp. PI. 233 (1753). Ic: Fiori, Ic. Fl. Ital. f. 2232 (1899). Rigid perennial (or moncarpic?), with a fibrous collar. Stem usually solitary, 30-60 cm, terete, widely branched from about the middle. Basal leaves persistent, triangular-ovate in outline, 10-25x10-18 cm, coriaceous, mostly ternate with spreading bipinnatifid primary segments, the lobes and winged rachis spiny-dentate (juvenile leaves simple to trifoliolate). Cauline leaves smaller, the median and upper ones with a broad, subamplexicaul, spiny-margined base, those of the inflorescence mostly tripartite. Inflorescence yellowish-green or sometimes glaucous, forming a widely spreading, corymbose panicle; capitula numerous, ovoid-globose, 7-13 mm diam. Bracts 5-6, linear-lanceolate to -subulate, pungent, straight, entire or with the margin remotely spinulose, 1.5-3 x capitulum. Bracteoles entire, longer than sepals. Mericarps covered with lanceolate, very acute scales. Fl 7-9. Open woodland, stony hillsides, disturbed steppe, fallow fields, dimes, s.I. -1800 m. 1. Inflorescence glaucescent; bracts linear-lanceolate (narrowed only towards tip), ± flat, 2-4 mm broad, with conspicuous reticulate venation, margin often remotely spinulose var. campestre 1. Inflorescence yellowish-green; bracts linear-subulate (narrowed from base to tip), subtriquetrous, usually 1-2 mm broad, with inconspicuous reticulate venation, margin usually entire var. virens var. virens Link in Linnaea 10:570 (1834). Syn: E. lyciiim Stapf & Wettst. in Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Kl. 51:25 (1886). Widespread in the drier areas. Al Çanakkale: Dardanelles, Sint. 1882:579! A1(E) Kirklareli: Lüleburgaz, Heilbronn & Basarnan! A2(E) Istanbul: Zekerie-köy, 3 viii 1902, Azn.l A2(A) Bursa: above Bursa, 300 m, M. & D. Zohary 2061! A3 Bolu: Mudurnu, 350 m, Kühne 3384! A5 Amasya: Amasya, 400-500 m, Sint. 1859:1085 (as E. noeamım)! A7 Trabzon: Trabzon coast, Sint. 1889:1409! Bl Izmir: Izmir, Alava 5002! B2 Kütahya: 5 km N. of Uşak, 1009 m, M. & D. Zohary 651! B4 Ankara: Dikmen Da., D. 13204! B5 Kayseri: Alidağ, 1941, Heilbronn & Basarman! B6 Sivas: Gemerek to Kayseri, 1400 m, D. 32729! B7 Elaziğ: Elazığ, viii 1939, M. Başarman! B8 Muş; Muş to Solhan, D. 24782! B9 Bitlis: Kotum, 1800 m, D. 24548! C2 Afyon: Aci G., M. & D. Zohary 2141! C3 Isparta: Kuru Tepe, c. 1300 m, Sorger 66-44-77! C4 Konya: above Üç Pinar, 1520 m, D. 14602! C5 Içei: Gullekboğazi, 1200 :n, Siehe 1896:637! C6 Hatay: Hodhu, 12 ix 1884, G. Post ! C7 Urfa: Akçakale, D. 28106! C8 Mardin: Cabalia (nr. Mardin), Sint. 1888:1246 (as E. noeanum)! Is: Khios, behind Vrontados, Gathorne-Hardy 475! Rodhos, Reck. 8578. Distribution of species: W., C. and S. Europe, C. & S. Russia, Crimea, N. Africa, S.W. Asia eastwards to Afghanistan. Var. virens is more southern and eastern in its general distribution than the mainly European var. campestre, but the two overlap extensively in S. Europe. Nearly all Anatolian and Island records for the species (without reference to variety) probably belong to the more xero-morphic var. virens, which is an invasive weed in disturbed habitats. Turkish records for the larger closely related E. noeanum Boiss. should also be referred to E. campestre var. virens, though it is possible that the former species (which grows in W. Iran and N. Iraq) may be discovered in S.E. Anatolia. |