E. helioscopia L., Sp. PL 459 (1753). Ic: Fiori, Ic. Fl. Ital. f. 2593 (1901); Ross-Craig, Draw. Brit. PL 26: t. 39 (1969). Figure 17.
  Glabrous or sparingly pilose annual herb to 40 cm. Stems simple or 2-branched from base, rarely more. Cauline leaves obovate-spathulate, (0.5-)l-3.5(-4.5) x (0.3-)0.5-1.8(-2.5) cm, obtuse to retuse, base attenuate, serrulate in upper half. Ray-leaves obovate. Raylet-leaves obliquely obovate, 0.5-3 x 0.4-2 cm, somewhat asymmetric at base. Pseudo-umbel contracted, flattish. Rays 5, trichotomous then once or twice dichotomous; axillary rays absent. Fruit trilobate, 3.5 mm diam., smooth. Seeds ovoid, 2 mm, favose-reticulate, dark brown; caruncle applanate, transversely ovate, refringent. Fl. 2-6. Lime-stone cliffs and slopes, phrygana, streamsides, ruins, fallow fields,. waste ground, nr s. 1.-1400 m.
  Described from Europe (Hb. Linn. 630/49!).
  Turkey-in-Europe, Outer & C. Anatolia, Islands. A1(E) Tekirdağ: Muratli, 90 m, A. Baytop & Attila (ISTE 10992)! A1(A) Çanakkale: Renkoei (Erenköy), Sint. 1883:1292! A2(E) Istanbul: Istanbul, 50 m, It. Leyd. 1959:6! A2(A) Kocaeli: Gebze, 20 m, D. 26245! A3 Sakarya: 72 km E. of Izmit, Grey-Wilson & Hewer 1! A4 Zonguldak: Zonguldak to Bartin, Yasar 130! A5 Samsun: Engis, 20 m, Tobey 12! A6 Samsun: above Samsun, 1858, Tchihatcheff. A7 Trabzon: Trabzon, 120 m, Grey-Wilson & Hewer 15! Bl Çanakkale: Troy (Truva), 50 m, Sorger 64-73-2! C1 Izmir: ruins of Selçuk, A. & T. Baytop (ISTE 19114)! C2 Muğla: Marmaris, 5 m, D. 25315! C3 Antalya: Antalya, 30 m, Tengwall 140! C4 Konya: Konya, 28 iv 1913, B.
Post! C5 Içel: Kuyuluk, 2 m, D. 26516! C6 Hatay: nr Iskenderun, 5 m, Watson et al. 544! Is: Lesvos, Ayiassos, 475 m, Edmondson & McClintock 2229 (!); Khios, Kampos, Platt 17! Samos, Rech. 3826; Kalimnos, Desio; Kos, Asclepieion, 100 m, D. 40420! Rodhos, Mazzocchi.
  Throughout Europe, N. Africa & Asia, and widely introduced elsewhere. The record from Diyarbakir given by Chiovenda (in Malpighia 14:35, 1900) is probably referable to the next species.