Iridaceae

Iris germanica

Iris germanica

Iris L. Iris germanica L. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 4 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 5 Habitat: kurak kayalık yerler ve tarlalar, ekili arazi ve yakınları, mezarlıklar Minimum yükseklik: 50 Maksimum yükseklik: 600 Endemik: - Element: ? Türkiye dağılımı: Dış Anadolu Genel dağılımı: Avrupa, B. Asya Bulunduğu kareler :A5 A7 C1 C6

I. germanica L., Sp. PL 38 (1753). ic: Bot. Mag. 18: t. 670 (1803). Plant 60-120 cm. Leaves 2.5-4.5 cm broad, ± straight, greyish-green, developing in autumn and overwintering. Stem branched, with 4-5 flowers, branches 5-14 cm. Bracts and bracteoles navicular, not markedly inflated, often flushed purple.   Flowers usually lavender, violet or bluish with brownishveining on lower part of segments, occasionally whitish or creamy with darker veining; beard yellow; falls obovate, cuneate at base, (7-)8-9 x (3.5-)4-5 cm; standards obovate or elliptic with a narrow claw at base, (7-)8-9 x4-5 cm; style branches 4-4.5 x 1.5 cm, with obtuse lobes 1-1.5 x0.6-1 cm. Capsule ellipsoid, 3-5 cm. Fl. 4-5. Dryish rocky places and fields, usually in and around cultiv-ated areas or cemeteries, 50-600 m.   Described from Germany (Hb. Linn. 61/6 — probably not present in Hb. Linn, in 1753).   Mainly Outer Anatolia, Islands. A5 Kastamonu: Tosya, Sint. 1892:3926! Amasya: Amasya, Baker s.n.! A7 Trabzon: Verizana, Maçka to Meryemana, 450 m, Güner 1516! C1 Muğla: Çumali to Knidus, 50-100 m, D. 41259! C6 Hatay: 10 km from Antakya to Reyhanlı, 120 m, Güner 1407! Maraş,: 10-15 km from Maras, to Türkoğlu, 600 m, Güner 1510! Is: Rodhos, Forsskâl.   I. germanica is widely distributed in Europe and western Asia as well as various other countries throughout the world and is normally associated with areas of habitation. It has been suggested that it is one of a number of hybrids of unknown and fairly ancient origin. Certainly it is of low fertility and appears never to occur in truly wild situations. Various plants somewhat similar to I. germanica have been described as species and in some cases have an apparently distinct geographical distribution. It is likely, however, that they are sterile or near-sterile clones which are propagated vegetatively and planted (e.g. in cemeteries) on a local scale.   In Turkey the following 'species' probably fall into this category, differing only slightly in colour, branching habit and bract characters: I. trojana Kemer ex Stapf in Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 37:650 (1887),I. biliottii Foster in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 1:738 (1887), I. mesopotamica Dykes, Genus Iris 176 (1913), I. cypriana Baker & Foster in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 4:182 (1888). In some populations of 7. germanica' sensu lato, it is possible to find plants answering to the descriptions of all öf these, plus many other un-named variants. Bourgeau's record of I. pallida Lam. from Rodhos is most likely to be one such variant but no material has been seen.