Asteraceae

Lapsana communis subsp. grandiflora

Lapsana L. Lapsana communis L. subsp. grandiflora (BIEB.) SELL Ömür: Tek, İki, Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 5 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 10 Habitat: yaprak döken orman, Pinus ormanı, çalılık, yolkenarı Minimum yükseklik: 1050 Maksimum yükseklik: 2500 Endemik: - Element: Karadeniz (Dağ) Türkiye dağılımı: D. Anadolu, KD. Anadolu Genel dağılımı: Kafkasya Bulunduğu kareler :A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 B1 B2 B3 B4 B6 B7 B8 B9 C1 C2 C4 C5 C6 C8

L. communis L., Sp. PI. 811 (1753).   Stems up to 125 cm. Leaves 10-150 x 10-70 mm, ovate and dentate to lyrate-pinnatifid with large terminal lobe and small lateral lobes; lower long-petiolate, upper sessile or shortly petiolate, sometimes lanceolate and entire. Capitula numerous, in a ± corymbose panicle. Involucre 5-10 x 2-5 mm; outer phyllaries 0.5-1 mm, few, ovate-lanceolate, inner linear-oblong. Ligules (in Turkey) 2-3 x as long as involucre. Achenes 2.5-9 mm, outer much longer than inner. Fl.   The following 5 subspecies are rather poorly defined. All of them may have the peduncles glabrous or with varying amounts of glandular hairs. 1. Stems usually numerous, up to 25(-30) cm, often branched below middle; perennial subsp. alpina 1. Stems usually solitary, usually more than 30 cm, usually branched only above middle; annual, biennial or perennial    2. Peduncles mostly not more than 2 x as long as involucre; involucre 6-8 mm subsp. adenophora    2. Peduncles usually longer; involucre 7-10 mm      3. Lower part of stem with dense crispate glandular hairs subsp. pisidica      3. Lower part of stem glabrous or with eglandular hairs only        4. Lower and median cauline leaves usually lyrate-pinnatifid, upper usually narrower and often entire; involucre greenish; ligules about 2 x as long as involucre subsp. intermedia        4. Most leaves broadly ovate and dentate, lower sometimes lyrate-pinnatifid with large ovate-dentate terminal lobe; involucre blackish, at least when young; ligules up to 3 x as long as involucre subsp. grandiflora subsp. alpina (Boiss. & Bal.) Sell in Notes R.B.G. Edinb. 33:432 (1975). Syn: L. alpina Boiss. & Bal. in Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2(6): 117 (1859); L. aipetriensis Vassilcz. in Fl. URSS 29:727 (1964). Woodland, rocky slopes, screes, 700- 2700 m. Type: [Turkey B5 Kayseri] in regione alpine montis Asian dach Antitauri in Cappadocia, 5 viii 1856, Balansa 775 (holo. G!). N. & Inner Anatolia. A1(A) Balikesir: Marmara adasi, 770 m, A.Baytop (ISTE 13722)! A2(A) Bursa: Olympus (Ulu Da.), 10 x 1867, Ball! A3 Bolu: above Abant G.,27 vii 1941, B. Post! A4 Zonguldak: Kel Tepe above Sorgun Y., 1700 m, D. 37898! A5 Kastamonu: W. of İlgaz pass, 2000 m, Darrah 98! A6 Sivas: Yildiz Da., Çirçir, 1400 m, Tobey 2324! B4 Ankara: d. Kizilcahamam, Aliş Da., 1250 m, Khan et al. 577! B6 Maraş: d. Çardak, Berit Da. above Arpa Çukuru Y., 2700 m, D. 20321! B7 Tunceli: Munzur Da., Turbanus Y., 2700 m, T. Bay top (ISTE 23155)! Crimea. Euxine (mt.) element. Whether the specimens cited here represent a genetically distinct dwarf montane race, possibly of polytopic origin, or secondary growth following grazing, or both, can only be clarified by cultivation experiments. subsp. adenophora (Boiss.) Rech. fil., Fl. Aeg. 673 (1943). Syn: L. adenophora Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1(4): 23 (1844)! Forests, shady places, streamsides, field margins, 400-1800 m. Lectotype designated here: [Turkey A2(A) Bursa] in Olympi Bithyni, Aucher 3365 (G!). Scattered in Anatolia, most frequent in the west. A2(A) Istanbul: Riva valley, below Lazkeuy, 11 vi 1893, Azn.! A5 Kastamonu: Derindos, Sint. 1892:4329! A4Çankiri: 64 km from Çankiri to Kastamonu, 4 km S. of Ilgaz Da., 1630 m, Buttler 13780! Bl Izmir: Çıplak Da. above Armudlu, 800 m, Hub.-Mor. 2370! B2 Uşak: 8 km N. of Uşak, Bal. 112! Izmir: Tmolus (Boz Da.), Bal. 264! ibid., 1150 m, Sorger 68-13-6! B2/3 Bilecik: d. Bozüyük, 8 km from Inönü, 1030 m, Hub.-Mor.! B3 Eskişehir: Sündiken Da., Ekim 454! B8 Erzurum: 29 km from Hinis to Pasinler, 1800 m, D. 46402! C1Izmir: d. Kuşadası, Sülbül Da. nr Ephesus, 400 m, Hııb.-Mor. 17607! C5 Adana: Mt. Kassan Oghlu at Görumse, 1220 m, Kotschy 1859:144! Balkans. subsp. pisidica (Boiss. & Heldr.) Rech. fil., Fl. Aeg. 674 (1943). Syn: L. cassia Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1(11):33 (1849)! L.pisidica Boiss. & Heldr. in Boiss., loc. cit.! L. peduncularis Boiss., Fl. Or. 3:720 (1875), nom. superfl. illegit. pro L. pisidica et L. cassia, et descr. pro parte. Open woods, macchie, stream banks, 300-2440 m. Type: [Turkey C3 Antalya] in saxosis inter frutices faucis Tsimbouckken inter Adalia (Antalya) et Sparta Isparta), 18 v 1845, Heldreich 627 (holo. G!). Scattered, most frequent in the south. A4 Kastamonu: 74 km from Çankiri to Kastamonu, N. of Ilgaz Da., 1580 m, Buttler 15564! Bl Balikesir: Mt. Ida (Kaz Da.), nr Kareikos, Sint. 1883:497 p.p.! B2 Manisa: above Philadelphia subsp. grandiflora (Bieb.) Sell in Notes R.B.G. Edinb. 33:432 (1975). Syn: L. grandiflora Bieb., Fl. Taur.-Cauc. 2:261 (1808). Deciduous and coniferous forest, scrub, roadside banks, 1050-2500 m.   Type: in Caucasi alpe Kaitchaur.   E. & N.E. Anatolia. A7 Giresun: 25 km S. of Giresun, 1050 m, M.&D.Zohary 186/11! A7 Gümüşane: c. 30 km N. of Gümüşane, 1300 m, M.&D.Zohary 407! Trabzon: Maçka, Hamisköy, c. 1300 m, Leblebici & Ersoy (EGE 6234)! A8 Erzurum: 27 km from Erzurum to Tortum, nr Yesildere Köyü, 1920 m, Buttler 16049! Rize: Khabakor, Bal. 489! A9 Kars: Sarıkamış, 2100 m, D. 30769! B7 Erzincan: Tempede, Sint. 1894:7191! B8 Erzurum: 80 km from Muş to Erzurum, nr Tepeköy, 1500 m, M.Zohary 57131! B9 Erzurum: Ağri to Horasan, E. of pass, c. 2450 m, Lamond 2585!   Caucasia. Euxine (mt.) element.