Lauraceae

Laurus nobilis

Laurus L. Laurus nobilis L. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: çalı veya ağaç Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 3 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 5 Habitat: kıyı makileri, dense bushes mıyed wıth myrtus, Phillyrea ve Erica arborea, Pinus brutia Minimum yükseklik: 0 Maksimum yükseklik: 1200 Endemik: - Element: Akdeniz Türkiye dağılımı: Dış Anadolu Genel dağılımı: G. Avrupa, KB. Afrika, Cyrenaıla, B. Suriye, Kırım, Akdeniz bölgesi Bulunduğu kareler :A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B1 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6

L. nobilis L., Sp. Pl. 369 (1753). Demiriz, H. 1956. Ökologische-Beobach-tungen über.das gemeinsame Auftreten von Laurus nobilis L. und Myrtus communis L. an Anatoliens Nord- und Südküste. Ist. Üniv. Fen Fak. Mec. Ser. B21(4):237-266. Ic: Hegi, I11. Fl. Mittel-Eur. 4(1): t. 122 (1913); Yakar, Renk. Türk. Bitk. Atl. t. 19 (1965). Map: Demiriz, op. cit. f. 2 (1956); Meusel, Vergl. Chorol. Zentraleur. Fl, Map 171b (1965).   Aromatic evergreen shrub or tree, 2-15 m; dioecious. Leaves 3-10(-l 1) x 2-4(-5) cm, narrowly oblong-lanceolate to broadly ovate, acute or acuminate, somewhat wavy-margined, coriaceous. Male flowers with 8-12 stamens, fila-ments with stipitate glands near base. Female flowers often with 4 staminodes. Fruit 10-12(-20) mm, globular to ellipsoid, black. Fl. 3-5. Coastal macchie, dense bushes mixed with Myrtus, Phillyrea and Erica arborea, scattered as underwood in Pinus brutia forest, rocky slopes, damp gorges, ancient settle-ments; naturalized and cultivated for ornament, s. l.-1200 m.   Described from Italy and Greece (BM-Hb. Cliff.).   Outer Anatolia, Islands. A1(E) Çanakkale: Gelibolu peninsula, Dönmez. A1(A) Balikesir: Bandirma, Erdek, Kirazli Manastir, 220 m, Sünter (ISTF 33154)! A2(E) Istanbul: Terkos G., Kasapligil (ISTF 2119)! A2(A) Bursa: Armutlu, Kaplıca, Hamam De., Demiriz & Tutel (ISTF 18962)! A3 Zonguldak: Zonguldak, Fenerburnu Tepesi, 60m, Demiriz (ISTF 12497)! A4 Kastamonu: Inebolu, Czeczott 638. A5 Sinop: Sinop, 50 m, D. 38098! A6 Samsun: Devren bahçe, 20 m, Tobey 890! A7 Trabzon: Trabzon, 30 m, Balls 1594! A8 Rize: 33 km to Rize, Birand 717! B1 Izmir: Karşiyaka, Bağda (ANK)! C1 Aydin: Samsun Da. above Güzelçamli, 200 m, D. 41676! C2 Muğla: Köyceğiz, Sandras Da., Panguduz Tepe, 1200 m, E. Özhatay (ISTO 19915)! C3 Antalya: Antalya to Korkuteli, 45 km N.W. of Antalya, 500 m, Quézel & Pamukçuoğlu. C4 Antalya: Alanya, Alanya castle, 220 m, Demiriz (ISTF 15833)! C5 Içel: Mersin, Turunçlu, 300 m, Demiriz (ISTF 11623)! C6 Maraş: Andirin, 13 km S. of Çatak, Coode & Jones 1140! Is: Lesvos, Cand.; Samos, Schimper & Wiest! Kos, mt. Dhikion, 600-700 m, D. 40473! Rodhos, Biliotti et al. 115.   S. Europe (mainly E.), N.W. Africa, Cyrenaica, W. Syria, Crimea; often subspontaneous in W. Mediterranean. Medit. element. Variable in shape and size of leaves and form of fruits. Specimens from N. Anatolia have oblong-lanceolate leaves and globular fruits, while in S. Anatolia examples with broadly ovate leaves (C5 Içel: Mersin, Elvanli, Demiriz ISTF 10881!) and ellipsoid fruits (C5 Içel: Mersin, Turunçlu, Demiriz ISTF 11623!) occur, mainly in humid and shady habitats. Leaf variants with conspicuously wavy margins have been recognised by some authors as var. undulata Reichb.   The fruits and aromatic leaves of the laurel (in Turkish, 'Defne') are used in perfumery and oil production.