Fabaceae

Medicago lupulina

Medicago L. Medicago lupulina L. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: çalı Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 5 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 7 Habitat: çalılık, çayırlık, tarlalar, çorak yerler Minimum yükseklik: 0 Maksimum yükseklik: 2000 Endemik: - Element: ? Türkiye dağılımı: Türkiye Genel dağılımı: Avrupa, K., KB. ve B. İran, Suriye, Kafkasya Bulunduğu kareler:A1 A2 A3 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 C2 C6 C8 C9

M. lupulina L., Sp. PL 779 (1753). Ic: Sowerby, Engl. Bot. 14: t. 971 (1802); Ross-Craig, Draw. Brit. PL 7: t. 14 (1954). Figure 13, p. 493. Perennial, sometimes annual or biennial, prostrate or ascending, 15-60 cm, pubescent, with simple or glandular hairs. Leaflets 5-20 x 4-8 mm, obovate, cuneate, retuse to obcordate, apiculate, finely serrate in the upper half; stipules dentate with long upper tooth, sometimes nearly entire. Peduncle usually many-flowered (rarely less than 10), slender, many times longer than petiole, about equal to leaf. Flowers 2-4 mm long. Calyx teeth unequal, about equal to tube. Corolla slightly longer than calyx. Fruit a minute, 1-seeded nut, 2(-3) mm, spineless, adpressed-hairy, glabrescent or glabrous, often black when ripe, with prominent veins; distal part coiled. 2n = l6, 32. Fl. 5-7. Scrub, meadows, fields, waste places etc., s.l.-c. 2000 in.   Described from Europe CHb. Linn. 733/10!).   Widespread. A1(E) Kırklareli: 2-4 km S S W of Demircihalil, Baiter & Spitz. 76! A2(E) Istanbul: Bclgrad forest, 13 vi 1906, Azn.! A2(A) Istanbul: Dracos toKartal, Azn. 599b! A3 Bolu: Abant G., 26 vi 1941, B. Post! A5 Sinop: Gerze, Tobey 1049! A6 Samsun: Kara Da., E of Samsun, ix 1964, Tobey! A7 Gümüşane: Kelkit, 1200 m, Karamanoğlu 66-44. A8 Çoruh: Artvin, 940 m, M. Zohary & Plitmann 2561-65! A9 Kars: Kars, 2020 m, M. Zohary & Plitmann, 2460-15! B2 Kütahya: Kütahya, M. & D. Zohary 564! B4 Ankara: 8 miles S of Ankara, M. Zohary & Plitmann 2821! B5 Kayseri: Erciasdagh (Erciyas Da.), 1800 m, 17 vi 1964, M. Zohary & Plitmannl Yozgat: Himmetdede, 1200 m, Coode & Jones 1441! B7 Erzincan: Erzincan, 1440 m, 26 vi 1964, M. Zohary & Plitmann! B8 Erzurum: Erzurum to Pasinler, 1950 m, D. 47461! B9 Bitlis: nr. Pelli, 1900 m, D. 46038! C2 Muğla: Muğla to Kale, Dudley, D. 35111! C6 Maraş: Süleymanli, Llywelyn-Williams! C8 Mardin: Mardin to Diyarbakir, 1000 m, D. 28832! C9 Hakkari: Cilo Da. in Diz De., 1600 m, D. 23904! Is: Khios, Amadhes, Plan; Samos, Runemark & Snogerııp 18854.   Europe, N., N.W. & W. Iran, W. Syria, Caucasia, Transcaspia, Turkestan. M. lupulina varies in a number of characters, mainly the indumentum, the shape of the stipules and the inflorescence. Turkish material is mainly perennial (var. perennans Hal.). M. lupulina can be distinguished in flower from all other species by its dense, elongating racemes of numerous, very small flowers. Sect. Falcago Reichb. Perennial herbs or shrubs. Fruits ± straight, falcate or forming an open spiral, always spineless and with more than 2 seeds. Seeds smooth; radicle about half as long as cotyledons.   Owing to the critical distinctions between the taxa, opinion varies widely as to the number of species in the section. I am indebted to N. Gabrielian (Erevan) and K. Lesins (Alberta) for much information which I have incorporated in this account; responsibility for the taxonomic treatment adopted, however, is my own. More biosystematic work is needed on the Asiatic taxa. (P.H.D.)