Lamiaceae

Mentha longifolia subsp.longifolia

Mentha L. Mentha longifolia (L.) HUDSON subsp. longifolia (L.) HUDSON Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 6 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 8 Habitat: dere kenarları ve bataklıklar Minimum yükseklik: 600 Maksimum yükseklik: 2300 Endemik: - Element: Karadeniz Türkiye dağılımı: K. ve KD. Anadolu Genel dağılımı: Avrupa, Kafkasya, KB. İran (Azerbaycan) Bulunduğu kareler:A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C7 C8 C9 C10

M. longifolia (L.) Hudson, Fl. Angl. 221 (1762). Variable, hairy perennial with musty or pungent odour. Rhizomes mainly hypogeal with squamiform leaves. Flowering stems 40-120 cm. Leaves (25-)30-90 x 10-32(-40) mm, sessile or rarely petiolate, oblong-elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, broadest at or above middle, apex ± acute, base cordate to sub-cordate, margin sharply serrate with many irregular and often spreading teeth. Lamina smooth or very weakly rugose, green- to grey-tomentose above, greento white-tomentose beneath (discolorous in subsp. longifolia), sometimes minutely puberulous on both surfaces. Leaf hairs unbranched, finely matted beneath when dry, basal cell 18-36(-41) μm diam. Verticillasters many, congested, forming a terminal often much branched spike (30)40-100 x (7-)9-15 mm diam. Calyx 1-3 mm. Corolla lilac or white. Nutlets chestnut, reticulate. 1. Leaves distinctly petiolate subsp. noeana 1. Leaves sessile or almost so    2. Leaves more than 50 mm x 18 mm, discolorous with thin-walled hairs beneath, collapsing when dry; spikes robust, 12 mm diam. with usually sessile or subsessile branches subsp. longifolia    2. Leaves usually less than 50 mm x 20 mm, concolorous with long to very short and curved, thick-walled hairs beneath, scarcely collapsing when dry; spikes more slender, to 10 mm diam., branches pedunculate subsp. typhoides       3. Leaves green, densely puberulous on both surfaces, with short hairs, sometimes appearing almost glabrous; undersurface with sessile glands, visible with a lens; flower spikes tinged reddish-purple var. calliantha       3. Leaves grey-tomentose; glands on undersurface obscured by hairs; flowers not conspicuously reddish-purple var. typhoides subsp. longifolia. Syn: M. spicata L. var. longifolia L., Sp. PL 576 {\153);M. sylvestris L., Sp. P1. ed. 2:804 (1763); ?M. longifolia (L.) Hudson subsp. cauc-asica Briq. in Engler & Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. 4(3a):322 (1897). Ic: Hegi, I11. Fl. Mittel-Eur. 5(4):2348-50, t. 3230-3 (1927); Fl. RPR 8:383, t. 70, 1 (1961), as M. longifolia (L.) Hudson var. huguenini (Des. & Dur.) Briq. Fl. 6-8. Streamsides and marshes, 600-2300 m.   Type: [Czechoslovakia] in Bohemia sponte (lecto. UPS — Hb. Burser XIII:9, photo!).   Mainly N. & N.E. Anatolia. A4 Zonguldak: Keltepe above Yenice, at Sorgun Y., 1300 m, D. 38956! A5 Sinop: Çangal Da. above Ayancik, 900 m, D. 38196! Amasya: Amasya, 600 m, Bornm. 1889:11776! A6 Tokat: Niksar to Karakuş, 1100 m, D. 24932! A7 Gümüşane, 1036 m, Balls 2016! A8 Çoruh: Şavval Tepe above Murgul, 1100 m, D. 32383! Rize: d. Hemşin, Ortaköy, 2300 m, D. 21124! B9 Ağri: nr Tahir, T. Baytop (ISTE 4798)! Kars: Susuz to Kars, 2000 m, A. Baytop (ISTE 33474)!   Europe, Caucasia, N.W. Iran (Azerbaijan). A distinctive Euxine element within the M. longifolia complex, morphologically very similar to the European representatives of this species, with which it is here tentatively grouped, but differing from these in the range of measurements of diameter of the basal cells of the hairs, 28-41 m. The upper limits of these measurements may indicate polyploidy.   Apparent intermediates between this and subsp. typhoides occur in A8 Çoruh: d. Yusufeli, between Sarigöl to Barhal (Hevek Dere), 1100 m, D. 47655! A9 Kars: Sarikamiş, 2100 m, D. 32636! Yalnizçam, 1800 m, D. 32550! B9 Ağri: Ağri to Horasan, 2000-2500 m, Rechinger 32773! These closely resemble subsp. typhoides, differing mainly in the much larger leaves, but the leaf hairs, though thick walled as in that variety, are generally much too broad. A collection from C6 Adana: Bahçe, 1800 m, D. 16395! resembles subsp. longifolia, but is evidently a hybrid or aberrant form of M. spicata. Apartfrom its anomalous distribution, it has rigid, thick-walled hairs, and a strong odour of carvone, characteristic of many forms of the latter species.