Pinaceae

Pinus sylvestris

Pinus L. Pinus sylvestris L. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ağaç Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: -1 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: -1 Habitat: tepe yamaç, orman Minimum yükseklik: 1000 Maksimum yükseklik: 2500 Endemik: - Element: Avrupa-Sibirya Türkiye dağılımı: K. Anadolu, Seyrek O. ve D. Anadolu Genel dağılımı: Avrupa, Kafkasya Bulunduğu kareler :A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 B2 B6 B7

P. sylvestris L., Sp. Pl. 1000 (1753). Ic: Hegi, I11. Fl. Mittel-Eur. 1: t. 14, f. 2 (1907). Map 7, p. 73.   Tree, 5-15 m, or more. Trunk tawny. Bark of young shoots reddish, that of older branches yellowish. Leaves glaucous, channelled, twisted, rigid, 30-70 x 2 mm. Buds resinous, the scales not obviously fimbriated. Cones ovoid, dull brown, pendulous. Scales flattened, or with an acutely pyramidal apophysis, umbo depressed to mucronate. Hillsides, c. 100-2100{-2500) m; especially on southern exposures, often dominant.   Described from Europe (Hb. Linn. 1135/2 photo.!).   Mainly in N. Anatolia, Cappadocia, Upper Euphrates, N. Armenia. A3 Bolu: Abant G., 1450 m, D. 37242! A4 Bolu: Gerede to Kizilcahamam, 1350 m, D. 26277! A5 Sinop: Gerze to Boyabat, 500-1300 m, D. 25005! A6 Tokat: Niksar to Karakuş, 1100 m, D. 24922! A7 Sivas: Suşehri, 1300 m, Stn. & Hend. 5060! A8 Çoruh: Borçka to Artvin, 500 m, D. 32405! A9 Kars: above Gölebert (Ardahan to Kars), 1900 m, D. 30578! B2 Kütahya: Murat Da., 1700-1900 m, D. 36874! B6 Sivas: Yildizeli, D. 24866! B7 Erzincan: foot of Keşiş Da., above Cimin, 1550 m, D. 31689!   Throughout Europe, extending into Caucasia. In the broad sense a Euro.-Sib. element. A very complex species, much split by various authors. Characters- of P. hamata (Stev.) Sosn., P. armena Koch & P. kochiana Klotzsch (which are often treated as conspecific - cf. Takhtajan, Fl. Armen., 1: 82, 1954), occur sporadically in the Turkish material, e.g. the cone of D. 24865 from Sivas:Yildizeli, has scales with a prominent pyramidal apophysis (more prominent on one side of the cone than the other), characteristic of P. hamata. D. 38074, Sinop: Boyabat to Sinop, 1150 m, and Walter 1133, Ankara: Kizilcahamam, also show this character. In the case of the specimen from Yildizeli, a note on the label states: 'intermediates present', and the normal form was collected at the same locality (D. 24866, cited above).