Rosaceae

Prunus x domestica

Prunus L. Prunus x domestica L. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ağaç Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 3 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 4 Habitat: tepeler, dağ yamaçları, tarla kenarları, yol kenarları Minimum yükseklik: 0 Maksimum yükseklik: 1900 Endemik: - Element: ? Türkiye dağılımı: Türkiye Genel dağılımı: Avrupa, B. Asya ve K. Afrika Bulunduğu kareler :A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B2 B5 C2 C3 C4 C5 C10

P. x domestica L., Sp. PI. 475 (1753) pro sp.   Small deciduous tree up to 12 m, unarmed or slightly spinescent; twigs glabrous or pubescent, especially when young. Leaves up to 10 x 6 cm, elliptic or oblong, pubescent when young, later becoming glabrous or sparsely pilose beneath, the hairs often restricted to the midrib and veins. Petioles up to 20 mm. Flowers white, in 2(-4)-flowered clusters, appearing with the leaves, 15-25 mm diam.; pedicels up to 20 mm. Drupes pendant, ovoid or subglobose, up to 8 cm long, greenish, yellow or red to violet and dark blue; flesh greenish or yellowish, sweet; stone adherent to or separate from the pericarp stone; grumous or subfoveolate. Fl. 3-4. Native or naturalized on hillsides, mountain slopes, field borders, roadsides, etc., up to 1900 m; also extensively cultivated.   Described from S. Europe.   Throughout Turkey but commoner in the N. A1(E) Kırklareli: Melyadağ, 850 m, A. Baytop 13270 ! A3 Bolu: between Abant G. and Bolu, M. & D. Zohary 2765 ! A4 Zonguldak: Keltepe, above Yenice, at Sorgun Y., 1300 m, D. 38979 ! A5 Sinop: Ince Burun, at Gerne, 20 m, Tobey 1708 ! A6 Samsun: Mağmur Da., 300 m, Tobey 1537 ! A7 Trabzon: Trabzon, Sint. 1890:2067 ! A8 Rize: Khabakhor, c. 1900 m, 1866, Bal.! B2 Kütahya: Tavşanli to Emet, 800 m, D. 36571! B5 Niğde: Hasan Da., above Taşpinar, 1700 m, D. 19030! C2 Antalya: nr. the Kaş to Kasaba road, 300 m, Guichard! C3 Antalya: Kozlu dere, N. of Bozburun Da., 1200 m, D. 15758 ! C4 Içel: Gülnar, 1000 m, D. 26056 ! C5 Cilician Taurus. Bernhard! C10 Hakkari: Nehil Çayi, 25 km from Yüksekova to Hakkari, 1790 m, D. 45845! Long cultivated in Europe, W. Asia and N. Africa for its fruit (including the plum - 'erik', damson - 'karaerik', and greengage - 'italyaneriği). In Turkey widely naturalized and possibly native. P. x domestica is a hybrid between P. spinosa and P. divaricata (fide Rybin in Bull. Appl. Bot. PL Breed. (Leningrad) ser. 2, 10,1936). Cultivated plants belong to subsp. domestica characterized by its large fruits, absence of thorns, and glabrous leaves and shoots. The wild or semi-wild material, which differs in its smaller fruits, thorny, pubescent shoots and ± pubescent leaves, is referable to subsp. insititia (L.) C.K.Schneider (P. insititia L.). It is frequently impossible to refer incomplete herbarium specimens to either subspecies.