Caryophyllaceae

Silene dichotoma subsp. sibthorpiana

Silene L. Silene dichotoma EHRH. subsp. dichotoma EHRH. Ömür: Tek, İki veya Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 4 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 7 Habitat: yamaçlar, stepler Minimum yükseklik: 0 Maksimum yükseklik: 2100 Endemik: - Element: ? Türkiye dağılımı: B., O., K., G., D. ve GD. Anadolu Genel dağılımı: Afrika, Filistin, Kıbrıs, Kafkasya, K. İran, Avrupa’nın Çoğu Bulunduğu kareler:A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 C1 C2 C3 C5 C6 C7 C8

S. dichotoma Ehrh., Beitr. 7: 144 (1792). Figure 6, p. 191. Map. 18, p. 235. Annual or rarely biennial or perennial. Stems ascending to erect, hirsute to puberulent, 15-80 cm. Lower leaves variable in shape, + petiolate; cauline leaves sessile, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, rarely ovate. Inflorescence a dichasium below, passing into monochasia above; flowers sessile to subsessile, at least the alar, usually all, ± horizontal. Calyx 7-15 mm with 10 prominent, slightly winged nerves which are hirsute with multicellular hairs. Petals white or pink, limb deeply bipartite. Anthophore 1.5-2 mm, glabrous. Capsule ovoid-oblong, included in the calyx. A very variable species. 1. Petals usually pink; leaves less than 8 mm broad subsp. euxina 1. Petals white; leaves broader than 8 mm 2. Calyx 7-9 mm, usually sparsely setose subsp. sibthorpiana 2. Calyx 10-15 mm, usually densely setose subsp. dichotoma subsp. dichotoma. Syn: S. racemosa Otth in DC, Prodr. 1: 384 (1824); S. thir-keana Koch in Linnaea 19: 56 (1847); S. iberica Bieb., Fl. Taur.-Cauc. 1:335 (1808); S. racemosa var. iberica (Bieb.) Boiss., Fl. Or. 1: 589 (1867); S. praedi-chotoma Cand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 44: 155 (1897). Ic: Reichb., Ic. Fl. Germ. 6: t. 5071 (1844). Fl. 4-7. Slopes, steppe, s.l-2100 m. Described from Hungary [? - in error]. A1(E) Çanakkale: Bolayir, Sorger T-63-4-1! A2(E) Istanbul: Rumelihisari, 3 vi 1918, B. Post! A5 Çorum: Çorum to Merzifon, 800 m, Coode & Jones 1826! A6 Samsun: Çakalli, 700 m, Tobey 212! A7 Giresun: Kulakkaya to Tamdere, 1000-1050 m, Hub.-Mor. 14932! A8 Gümüşane: Bayburt, Bourgeau 47. A9 Kars: Gölebert nr. Ardahan, 1800 m, D. 30416! Bl Izmir: Bergama to Akropol, 22 iv 1950, Heilbronn! B2 Uşak: Dumlupinar to Banaz, 1000 m, Coode & Jones 2349! B3 Afyon: 17 miles S of Emirdağ, 1100 m, Coode & Jones 2326! B4 Ankara: Dikmen Da. nr. Ankara, Romieux! B5 Kırşehir: 20 km E of Kirşehir, 1100 m, Zohary & Plitmann 47181! B6 Sivas: Bolucan, 1600 m, Stn. & Hend. 5269! B7 Erzincan: Keşiş Da. above Cimin, 1900-2100 m, D. 31767! B8 Bingöl: 5 km E of Solhan, c. 1500 m, Zohary! Cl Izmir: N foot of Samsun Da., s.l., D. 41702! C2 Burdur: Burdur to Ekinova, 21 v 1950, Heilbronn & Attila! C3 Antalya: Antalya to Lara, 23 v 1950, Heilbronn & Attila! C5 Içel: Kagiraki, 1200 m, Siehe 1896: 99! C6 Maraş: Maraş, 1000 m, Balls 910! C7 Urfa: Urfa to Akçakale, 450 m, D. 28174! C8 Mardin: Mardin, 1100 m, D. 28377! Is: Khalki, Gathorne-Hardy 789! Lesvos, Rech. 5641; Samos, Rech. 3924; Rodhos, Fors.-Maj. subsp. sibthorpiana (Reichb.) Rech. in Denk. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Kl. 105(1): 166 (1943). Syn: S. sibthorpiana Reichb., Fl. Germ. Exc. 865 (1832); S. racemosa var. sibthorpiana (Reichb.) Boiss., Fl. Or. 1:589 (1867). Fl. 5-7. Fields, steppe, forests, banks, s.1.-1840 m. Described from Austria (i.e. Austro-Hungarian empire). A2(E) Istanbul: Kağithane, Azn.! A2(A) Bursa: Uludağ, 13 v 1944, Başarman! A3 Ankara: between Kizilcahamam and Gerede, 1260 m, Zohary 51439! A4 Kastamonu: N side of Ilgaz Da., 1500 m, D. 38286! A7 Sivas: Suşehri, 1300 m, Stainton 8443! B2 Kütahya: 43 km S of Kütahya, 1050 m, M. & D. Zohary 5521! B3 Eskişehir: Sivrihisar to Eskişehir, 1100 m, Dudley, D. 36044! B4 Konya: Konya to Cihanbeyli, 1000 m, Demiriz 2755! B6 Malatya: 50 km W of Malatya, 1550 m, Zohary & Plitmann 17602-2! B8 Muş: Malazgirt, Schischkin! C2 Burdur: Tefenni to Yeşilova, 1100 m, Dudley, D. 35287! C6 Hatay: Reyhanli, s.l., Coode & Jones 617! Intermediates between the above two subspecies occur near Sivas, Malatya and Erzurum. subsp. euxina (Rupr.) Coode & Cullen in Notes R.B.G. Edinb. 28: 8 (1967). Syn: 5. euxina Rupr. Fl. Cauc. 184 (1869)! ? S. racemosa var. nibriflora Boiss., Fl. Or. 1: 588 (1867). Ic: Ann. Nat. Hofm. Wien 23: t. 8 f. 3 (1909). Fl. 5-8. Sandy sea shores. Type: Georgia, Poti, Ruprecht (LE; photo. E!). A2(E) Istanbul: Kağithane, 11 vi 1917, Azn.! A2(A) Istanbul: Riva, 12 vi 1893, Azn.! A5 Sinop: Sinop, s.l., Tobey 1005! A6 Samsun: Samsun, Tobey 212a! Bafra to Samsun, Hub.-Mor. 4934! A7 Trabzon: 3 km W of Sürmene, Hub.-Mor. 14933! A8 Rize: 25 km of Rize, M. & D. Zohary 1326! Euxine element. Intermediates to subsp. dichotoma (i.e. plants with white petals) occur near Trabzon. Distribution of the species: Most of Europe, N.W. Africa, Palestine, Cyprus, Caucasia, N. Iran. 10 S heldreichii Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1(8): 81 (1849). Syn: S. remotiflora Vis., Fl. Dalm. 3: 166, t. 53 (1852). Figure 6, p. 191. Differs from S. dichotoma subsp. dichotoma in being less robust, the inflorescence lacking alar flowers, the calyces 12-15 mm, puberulent to setose, papillose on the nerves. Fl. 4-6. Slopes, s. 1.-600 m. Type: [Turkey C3/4 Antalya] in saxosis apricis prope Alaya Pamphyliae, in collibus Kourmalu non procul ab Adalia, Heldreich. A2(A) Istanbul: Yalova, v 1942, Başarman'. Bl Izmir: Izmir, v 1827, Fleischer! C2 Antalya: Finike to Elmalı, 520 m, Hub.-Mor. 9659! C3 Antalya: Aykirça, 28 v 1950, Heilbronn & Attila! C4 Antalya: Serik to Alanya, 2 vi 1950, Attila!Içel: Anamur to Gilindere, 20 m, D. 25982! Balkans. E. Medit. element. The distinctions between S. heldreichii and S. remotiflora (relative lengths of capsule and anthophore, denseness of inflorescence) break down over even a small range of material.