Liliaceae

Smilax aspera

Smilax L. Smilax aspera L. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: çalı Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 4 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 6 Habitat: maki, çalılık, koyaklar, yamaçlar, plaj yanları Minimum yükseklik: 50 Maksimum yükseklik: 700 Endemik: - Element: ? Türkiye dağılımı: B. ve G. Anadolu Genel dağılımı: Akdeniz Ülkeleri, Etiyopya, Himalayalar Bulunduğu kareler :C1 C2 C3 C5

S. aspera L., Sp. PI. 1028 (1753). Syn: S. mauritanica Poiret, Voy. Barb. 2:263 (1789); S. nigra Willd., 4:773 (1806). Ic: Fiori, Ic. FL Ital. f. 742 (1878); Coste, Fl. Fr. 3: f. 3499 (1906); Grey-Wilson & Mathew, Bulbs t. 21 (1981). Scrambling shrub, usually shorter-stemmed and thicker-leaved than S. excelsa; stems thorny at least below. Leaves cordate-deltoid to lanceolate, 3-6 x 1.5-4.5 cm, base often hastate or sagittate with rounded auricles, margin of lamina at least sparsely spinulose. Flowers bome in several 1-6-flowered umbels subsessile on elongate solitary axillary peduncles. Male perianth segments 4-5 mm, yellowish-cream. Berry red or black. FL 4-6. Macchie, scrub, ravines and rocky limestone slopes, nr beaches, 50-700 m. Described from Spain, Italy and Sicily (Hb. Linn. 1182/1). W. & S. Anatolia, Islands. CI Izmir: d. Kuşadasi, Samsun Da., Yalt. 3419!C2 Muğla: Marmaris to Gökova, 50-100 m, D. 41081! C3 Antalya: d. Akseki, gorge below Erenkaya, 700 m, D. 25816! C5 Adana: Feke to Kozan, 300 m, D. 26641! C6 Hatay: valley above Yeşlkent, 305 m, Darrah608! Adana: Nur Da. nr Osmaniye, 350 m, Wagenitz & Beug 365! Is: Khios, the Kanspos, Piatt 614! Samos, midway between Paleokostron and Poseidonion, 300 m, D. 67755! Rodhos, Vaccari (as subsp. mauritanica). Mediterranean area, Ethiopia, Himalayas, Ceylon — a most unusual disjunction. Habit and leaf shape are very variable in this species, apparently in relation to local environmental differences.