Solanaceae

Solanum dulcamara

Solanum dulcamara

Solanum L. Solanum dulcamara L. Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 5 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 9 Habitat: göllerin kenarlarında, bataklar veya sazlıklar, kuru dere yatakları Minimum yükseklik: 0 Maksimum yükseklik: 2300 Endemik: - Element: Avrupa-Sibirya Türkiye dağılımı: Türkiye Genel dağılımı: Ilıman Avrasya, K. Afrika Bulunduğu kareler:A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 C1 C2 C5 C6 C9 C10

S. dulcamara L., Sp. PI. 185 (1753). Syn: S. assimile Friv. in Flora 19:436 "(1839); S. dulcamara L. var. indivisum Boiss., Fl. Or. 4:285 (1875); S. pseudoper-sicum Pojark. in Not. Syst. (Leningrad) 17:328 (1955). Ic: Reichb., Ic. Fl. Germ. 20: t. 1633 f. 1, 2 (1861); Ross-Craig, Draw. Brit. PL 6: t. 28 (1965). . Scrambling perennial, subglabrous to pubescent or densely villous. Stem to 200 cm, woody below. Leaves petiolate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, lamina 3-12 x 2-6 cm, apex acute to acuminate, cordate to truncate at base, entire or rarely some with one or two opposite lobes at base. Calyx 2-3 mm, teeth triangular. Corolla violet, 10-15 mm lobes lanceolate-triangular, recurved, each with 2 green basal spots. Anthers 5 mm, golden yellow. Berry red, shining, ovoid-globose, 7-10 mm. Fl. 5-9. Edges of lakes, marshes or swamps, dry stream beds, s. I. -2300 m. Described from Europe (Hb. Cliff.). Widespread, but rare in W. & S. Anatolia. A1(E) Edirne: Ipsala to Enez, ATBaytop (ISTE 15774)! A2(E) Kirklareli: nr Hamam G., N. & E.Özhatay (ISTE 29986)1 A2(A) Istanbul: Şile, A.Baytop (ISTE 2871)! A3 Sakarya: Arifiye, 30 m, D. 36284! A4 Zonguldak: Karabük, Cildikisik, T.Baytop (ISTE 14189)! A5 Samsun: Bafra, 50 m, Tobey 244! A6 Samsun: Terme, 5 m, Kayacık & Eliçin (ISTO 1867)! A7 Giresun: 27 km S. of Giresun, 500 m, Sorger 69-23-55! A8 Rize: Rize to Eyidere, 20 viii 1945, Kasapligil(!). A9 Kars: 3 km N. of Kars, 1760 m, M.Zohary & Plitm. 2461-18(!). B2 izmir: Boz Da., Gölcük, 1400 m, Sorger 68-15-51! B3 Bilecik: 10 km from Bilecik to Bozüyük, 500 m, Kara-manoğlu 856(!). B4 Ankara: Ankara, Yenişehir, Bağda (ISTE 2231)! B5 Nevşehir: Nar, 1200 m, Roper 114! B6 Maraş: Kabak Tepe, 1906, Mergiandishian. B7 Malatya: Derme pinari, Pamukçuoğlu (EGE 2106)! B? Ağri: 3-5 km from Tutak to Hamur (Murat valley), 1600 m, D. 44044! Cl Aydin: Söke, T.Baytop (ISTE 11121)! C2 Antalya: Elmali, 1200 m, Mutlu 8697! C5 Içel: Bulgardagh (Lolkar Da.), Kotschy 270(!). C6 Malatya: 90 km S.W. of Malatya, 1250 m, Sorger 71-44-16! C9 Siirt: d. Ramuran, Tell Mişar, 760 m, Nâbélek 308. C10 Hakkari: Nehil Çayi, 48-55 km from Hakkari to Yüksekova, 1600-1700 m, D. 44905! Is: Lesvos, Cand. (var. indivisum Boiss.). Temperate Eurasia, N. Africa. Euro-Sib, element. A very variable species,especially in density of indumentum and leaf shape. Stems and leaves may be subglabrous, pubescent or densely hairy. Degree of pubescence seems to be partly correlated with environment; subglabrous plants occur chiefly in wet habitats (swamps, lake margins), while pubescent forms occur on drier river banks, scree, roadsides, etc. Pubescence may increase slightly at higher altitude but is not affected by age. A group with at least some Iobulate leaves can be differentiated from one with entire leaves only. It is not easy to decide into which group a specimen should be referred, as both entire and Iobulate leaves may be present on the same plant. Dense indumentum may be present on specimens of either group. S. pseudopersicum Pojark. is here considered to be a variant of S. dulcamara with densely hairy entire leaves.'