Asteraceae


Solidago virgaurea
subsp. virgaurea

Solidago virgaurea L. subsp. virgaurea L.
Ömür: Çok yıllık
Yapı: ot
Hayat formu:
İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 7
Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 9
Habitat: nehir kenarı ve kireçtaşı kayalık, çoğu kez koruluk, nadiren ekilş topraklar
Minimum yükseklik: 0
Maksimum yükseklik: 2440
Endemik: -
Element: Avrupa-Sibirya
Türkiye dağılımı: Türkiye (Seyrek)
Genel dağılımı: Avrupa, Ilıman Asya, KB. Afrika
Bulunduğu Kareler;A2 A3 A4 A6 A7 A8 A9 B1 B2 B5 B7 B8 B10 C5 C6
S. virgaurea L., Sp. PL 880 (1753).
Stems (15-)25-100 cm, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves elliptic, lanceolate or oblanceolate, usually with fine network of dark minor veins beneath; basal ones (when present) 5-15 x 1-3.5 cm, attenuate into 2-6 cm petioles, acute at apex, entire or shallowly serrate, subglabrous or finely pubescent on both surfaces; upper leaves diminishing in size above, becoming sessile and usually entiremargined. Capitula few (c. 5) to numerous. Involucre 0.75-1.25 cm broad; outer phyllaries ovate-triangular, 2.5-3 mm, inner ones oblong-lanceolate, 5-9 mm, obtuse, acute or acuminate. Ray flowers (3-)5-10(-15), ligules 5-8 x 2-3 mm; disc flowers 5-6 mm. Achenes 3-3.5 mm, finely and sparsely pubescent. Pappus 5-5.5 mm, brownish-white.
1. Involucre c. 7 mm long in flower; phyllaries 4-6-seriate, strongly imbricate, outer ones much shorter than inner; ray flowers (3-)5-8, ligules 4-5(-6) mm; disc flowers c. 12, 4-5 mm; stems (15-)25-100 cm; median leaves 3-4 x 0.75-1 cm subsp. virgaurea
1. Involucre c. 10 mm long in flower; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, subequal or outer ones about 1/2 as long as inner; ray flowers (8-)10-15, ligules 5-7 mm; disc flowers c. 20, c. 6 mm; stems 25-40 cm; median leaves c. 7-10 x 2-4 cm subsp. alpestris
subsp. virgaurea. Ic: Kem.-Nath., op. cit. t. 1; Hegi, 111. Fl. Mittel-Eur. 6(3): t.165 f. 3 (1964). Fl. 7-9. River banks and limestone rocks, often in woodland, rarely on arable land, (s.l.-)600-2440 m.
Described from Europe (Hb. Linn. 998/16!).
Scattered. A2(E) Istanbul: nr Ormanli, s.l., A.Baytop (ISTE 12131)! A2(A) Bursa: Ulu Da., 610 m, D. 14870! A3 Bolu: between Yedigöl and Dirgine, A.Baytop (ISTE 18672)! A4 Zonguldak: Keltepe above Karabük, 1800 m, D. 38810! A6 Tokat: Niksar to Karakuş, 1100 m, D. 24939! A9 Kars: without locality, 2440 m, Tong 407! Bl Balikesir: Mt. Ida (Kaz Da.), Sint. 1883:413! B2 Izmir: Ödemiş, 1990 m, D. 18197! B5 Kayseri: Erciyas Da., 2200 m, Bal. 880! B7 Erzincan: Sipikör Da., Sint. 1890:3259! C5 Niğde: N.E. of Maden, 1524 m, Darrah 448! C6 Hatay: Nur Da. (Amanus), 1220 m, Haradj. 161!
Specimens of subsp. virgaurea from S. Anatolia (C5 & C6) are generally tall plants (up to 1 m) with spike-like or thinly and distantly paniculate inflorescences. Similar forms, however, also occur in N. Anatolia, e.g. Tong 407 from Kars.
As noted by A.Baytop (in Ist. Ecz. Fak. Mec. 4:52,1968), S. virgaurea had not been recorded from European Turkey before this date, and possibly represents a recent introduction. The specimen is almost completely glabrous and may be a maritime ecotype, for, although taller, it to some extent resembles specimens labelled as S. macrorhiza Lange from S. France.
subsp. alpestris(Waldst. &Kit.) Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 5:317 (1829). Syn: S. alpestris Waldst. & Kit. in Willd., Sp. PL 3:2065 (1803); S. caucasica Kem.-Nath. in Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Inst. 6:101, t. 5 (1938); S. armena Kem.-Nath., op. cit. 103, t. 6. Ic: Waldst. & Kit., Pl. Rar. Hung. 3: t. 208 (1812), as S. alpestris. Fl. 8-9. In turf, among rocks and in open woodland, 1900-3200 m.
Described from mountains of Carpathia, Austria and Bohemia.
N. & E. Anatolia, E. of 35°E. A6 Sivas: Yildiz Da., Sariyer, 2100 m, Tobey 2380! Ordu: below Çambaşi, 1900 m, Tobey 1285! Amasya: Ak Da., 1900 m, Bornm. 1890:2506. A7 Gümüşane: Karagoelldagh (Karagöl Da.), Sint. 1894: 7205! Giresun: Balaban Da. above Tamdere, D. 20602! A8 Erzincan: Haldizan, 2830 m, Balls 584! Trabzon: Soğanli Da. above Çaykara, 2000-2200 m, D. 32162! Çoruh: Şavval Tepe above Murgul, 2100 m, D. 32388 ! Rize: 15 km above Ikizdere on Ispir road, Jenkins 2369! B8 Erzurum: Palandöken Da., 2700-3000 m, Buttler 16066! B10 Ağri: Ağri Da., 2895 m, B.Post 2100!
Distribution of species: throughout most of Europe and temperate Asia; also in N.W, Africa, Euro-Sib, element. Subsp. virgaurea iş a very polymorphic taxonwith local races differing in stature, pubescence, branching of inflorescence and size of capitula. The more uniform subsp. alpestris appears to be relatively distinct, although possible intermediates have been seen, e.g. A8 Çoruh: Artvin to Borçka, 800-1440 m, Yalt. & Elican (ISTO 4625)! Further studies in this area may lead to the recognition of more infraspecific taxa.