Asteraceae

T. oreades (Boiss.) var. tchihatchewii

Tripleurospermum SCHULTZ BIP. Tripleurospermum oreades (BOISS.) RECH. FIL var. tchihatchewii (BOISS.) E. HOSSAIN Ömür: Çok yıllık Yapı: ot Hayat formu: İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 3 Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 8 Habitat: çıplak yamaç, çayırlık, granit, kaya, akarsu Minimum yükseklik: 350 Maksimum yükseklik: 2300 Endemik: - Element: ? Türkiye dağılımı: K. Anadolu, G. Anadolu, Karasal Anadolu Genel dağılımı: Kafkasya, İran, Lübnan, Anti-Lübnan

T. oreades (Boiss.) Rech. fil. in Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. K1. 105(1):633 (1943). Syn: Matricaria oreades Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1(6):87 (1845)! Ic: Boul., Fl. Lib. Syr. t. 220 (1930) as Chamaemelum oreades. Rhizomatous perennial, 10-40 cm. Stems either solitary or 2 to many, usually unbranched above, occasionally with 2-4 small branches at apex. Leaves 1-2-pinnatisect, sometimes lower leaves reaching up to 12 cm; laciniae lanceolate-linear or linear-filiform, acute, mucronate, sparsely or densely distributed. Capitula usually solitary, occasionally 2-9, radiate, 1-1.8 cm broad (excl. ligules), borne on leafy or naked, glabrous or pubescent, long or short peduncles. Outer phyllaries triangular-acute, glabrous or pubescent, inner oblong, subobtuse; margins membranous, brown or dark brown, rarely brownish-black. Receptacle ovoid-conical, ovoid or ± hemispherical. Ligules 6-15 mm; corolla lobes of disc flowers eglandular at tips. Achenes ± compressed, 1.5-2.2 x 0.6-1 mm, base truncate, dark brown or blackish at maturity, mucilaginous, anteriorly smooth, finely lineolate, sometimes obscurely tuberculate, tuberculate-rugulose, rugose or rarely 1-ribbed, posteriorly 3-ribbed, ribs thickened, white; corona lobulate, white, usually ⅓, rarely ¼ as long as achene. Fl. 3-8. Open slopes, meadows, granite rocks, streams, etc., 30-3200 m. 1. Achenes anteriorly smooth, lineolate, 1-ribbed, tuberculate or tuberculate-rugulose var. oreades 1. Achenes anteriorly rugose or subrugose var. tchihatchewii var. oreades. Syn: Pyrethrum caucasicum Willd. var. szowitzii DC, Prodr. 6:56 (1838)! Chamaemelum oreades (Boiss.) Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1(11):21 (1849)! C. grandiflorum Boiss. & Hausskn. in Boiss., Fl. Or. 3:331 (1875)! C. repens Freyn & Sint. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3:349 (1895) pro parte! Tripleurospermum grandiflorum (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Bornm. in Feddes Rep. Beih. 89:336 (1944)! T. szowitzii (DC.) Pobed. in Not. Syst. (Leningrad) 21:345 (1961)! Lectotype designated here: [Turkey C5] in Monte Tauro, Kotschy 296 (G! iso. K!). The syntype collected from Syria (Aucher 3290, G!) belongs to Matricaria. Mainly N., S. & Inner Anatolia. A1(A) Çanakkale: Erenköy, 1856, Kirk! A4 Çankiri: Ilgaz Da., 24 km N. of Ilgaz, 1630 m, Hub.-Mor. 13224! A5 Çorum: summit of Alagöz Da., N. of Çorum, 1500 m, Coode & Jones 1921! A6 Samsun: Magmar Da., 700 m, Tobey 224! A7 Gümüşane: Cigana (Zigana) Da., Sint. 1894:5593! A8 Çoruh: mountain above Artvin, 1900 m, D. 29783! A9 Çoruh: Ziyaret Da. (Yalnizçam Da.) between Ardahan and Artvin, 2200 m, D. 30286! B4 Kirşehir: Bozcalidağ 5 km E. of Sofular, 1500 m, Sorger 64-20-10! B6 Sivas: Bey Da., S. of Zara, 2000 m, Stn. & Hend. 5286! B7 Tunceli: Munzur Da. above Ovacik, 2650 m, D. 31418! B8 Erzurum: Kop Da. 20 km N. W. of Aşkale, 2000 m, Hub.-Mor. 11468! B9 Van: Çuhgediği pass between Hoşap and Başkale, 2800-2870 m, Hub.-Mor. 11267! C5 Adana: Koca Çukur Y., N.W. ofPozanti, 1750 m, Hub.-Mor. 16484! C6 Gaziantep: Dülük Baba 7 km N. of Gaziantep, 1100 m, D. 27876! C7 Urfa: Urfa to Terek, Hausskn. (type of Chamaemelum grandiflorum Boiss. & Hausskn.)! var. tchihatchewii (Boiss.) E.Hossain in Notes R.B.G. Edinb. 33:435 (1975). Syn: Chamaemelum tchihatchewii Boiss. in Tchihat., Asie Min. Bot. 2:256(1860); C. oreades (Boiss.) Boiss. var. kotschyi (Boiss.) Boiss., Fl. Or. 3:333 (1875) p. p. excl. typ.; Pyrethrum tchihatchewii (Boiss.) W. Robinson, Engl. Fl. Gard. t. 213 (1883); Matricaria tchihatchewii (Boiss.) Voss in Vilmorin's Blum. eng. ed. 3, Sieb. & Voss, 1:504 (1896); Tripleurospermum tchihatchewii (Boiss.) Bornm. in Feddes Rep. Beih. 89:336 (1944). Type: [Turkey A6 Samsun]: Ponto, collibus maritimis sylvaticis supra Samsun, Tchihatcheff. N., S. & Inner Anatolia. Alischeri Chan, 1900 m, Kotschy 1859:273! A5 Samsun: Kizilirmak, after Asar, 350 m, Tobey 1808! A6 Ordu: road from Samsun to Trabzon, 10 km from Ünye, Jardine 427b! A7 Giresun: Balaban Da., above Tamdere, 2300 m, D. 20516! A8 Rize: Cimil, 2000 m, Bal. 520! A9 Çoruh: Kordevan Da., nr Kutul Y., 2200 m, D. 30235! B6 Kayseri: 5 km N. of Sariz, 1900 m, Coode & Jones 1414a! B7 Malatya: Malatya to Pötürge, 1450-1500 m. Hub.-Mor. 10018! B9 Van: 5 km W. of Özalp to Erçek, 2150 m, D. 44236! C5 Cilicia: 700 m, Siehe 352! C6 Maraş: Çardak, Berit Da., 2300 m, D. 20375! C8 Mardin: nr Mardin, Sint. 1888:893! Distribution of species: Caucasia, Iran, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon. T. oreades is the most variable species in the area, but subspecies cannot be recognized. The two sympatric varieties recognized here are based only on achene characters. This complex species can only be separated from T. caucasicum by having a 3-lobed, entirely white corona which is ¼-⅓ as long as achene.