Asteraceae

Asteraceae

Echinops pungens TRAUTV.
var. pungens TRAUTV.

Echinops L.
Echinops pungens TRAUTV. var. pungens TRAUTV.
Ömür: Çok veya İki yıllık
Yapı: ot
Hayat formu:
İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 6
Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 8
Habitat: kayalık kireçtaşı, stepte serpantin yamaç ve mağmatik yamaç, nadas tarla, yolkenarı
Minimum yükseklik: 1400
Maksimum yükseklik: 2000
Endemik: -
Element: İran-Turan
Türkiye dağılımı: D. Anadolu, B. Anadolu
Genel dağılımı: Transkafkasya, KB. ve B. (?) İran
Bulunduğu iller
Bulunduğu kareler : A5 A7 A8 A9 B2 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 C4 C10

E. pungens Trautv., Echin. Gen. 18 (1833).
Stems 1-4, usually branched above, ridged, 50-100 cm, glabrous, with glandular hairs, or arachnoid to lanate. Leaves linear-elliptic in outline, up to 40 x 20 cm, usually 1-2-pinnatisect, arachnoid-glandular or -eglandular above, lanate below with glandular hairs on veins; lower leaves petiolate, upper amplexicaul, some-times simple; spines numerous on all parts of leaf and petiole. Heads up to 8 cm, pale blue or whitish, with short or long leafless peduncles. Capitulum c. 2.5 (-3.5) cm; brush ± sparse, less than 1/2 as long as capitulum, 7-10(-16) mm. Phyllaries c. 20(-28), glabrous; outer c. 10(-18) mm; median c. 15(-25) mm, acute; innermost free or scarcely connate at base, 15-20(-33) mm. Corolla paleblue to whitish; tube 7-9 mm with glandular hairs; lobes 9-11 mm. Achenes 8-15 mm. Pappus bristles connate to about 1/3 of their length. Fl. 6-8. Rocky limestone, serpentine and igneous slopes in steppe, fallow fields, roadsides, 1100-2700 m.
A common species in eastern Anatolia, variable in size, degree of leaf division, indumentum and phyllary size and shape. Although usually a perennial, biennial forms do occur. Four varieties are recognized, two of which (var. polyacanthus and var. transcaucasicus) were given specific rank in Fl. URSS (27:34, 36, 1962).
1. Stems entirely glabrous below var. polyacanthus
1. Stems glandular, arachnoid-tomentose or lanate
  2. Upper cauline leaves simple, lobed or pinnatifid var. transcaucasicus
  2. Upper cauline leaves pinnatisect or pinnate
   3. Stems green with an indumentum almost entirely of glandular hairs var. adenoclados
   3. Stems grey-white with an eglandular or glandular and eglandular indu-mentum var. pungens
var. pungens. Syn: E. persicus Stev. & Fisch. ex Fisch., Cat. Jard. Gorenki ed. 2:37 (1812) nom. nud.; E. heldreichii Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1(10):84 (1849)! . spinosissimus Freyn in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3:354 (1895) non Turra (1765); E. freynianus Bornm. in Feddes Rep. Beih. 89:351 (1944). Ic: Fl. URSS 27: t. 2 f. 7 (1962). Figure 23, p. 615.
Type; [USSR] Caucasus, Hohenacker (LE).
Mainly E. Anatolia, scattered further west. A5 Amasya: Sana Da., 1400 m, Bornm. 1890:3100! A7 Gümüşane: above Artabir, Sint. 1894:7164! A8 Erzurum: 47 km from Erzurum to Tortum, 1930 m, D. 47501! A9 Kars: Selim to Sarikamiş, 1800 m, D. 32646! B2 Kütahya: d. Gediz, Şaphane Da. above Şaphane, 1600 m, D. 18513! B5 Nevşehir: Nevşehir to Acigöl, 1400 m, D. 32786! B6 Sivas: Sivas to Tecer, c. 1450 m, Hub.-Mor. 16354! B7 Erzincan: Sipikör Da., Sint. 1890:3339! B8 Muş: 3 km N. of Muş, D. 24786! B9 Erzurum: Tahir, 26 km S.E. of Horasan, 1900 m, Rech. 44391! B10 Kars: d. Aralik, Ağri Da., below Serdar Bulak, 2000 m, D. 46938! C4 Konya: d. Ermenek, between Ermenek and Balkusan Da., D. 16193!
Transcaucasia, N.W. & W.(?) Iran. Ir.-Tur. element. Within this variety, the commonest in Anatolia, are several intergrading local races: e.g. those in the east, represented by Rech. 44391, with sturdy stems and long leafless peduncles, and those further west, such as D. 32698, with relatively slender stems, short peduncles and very numerous small yellow spines on the leaf rachis.