| Asteraceae |
|---|
 HAYEK _jpg.jpg)
Lapsana communis L. subsp. intermedia (BIEB.) HAYEK |
 Lapsana communis L. subsp. intermedia (BIEB.) HAYEK |
Lapsana L. |
| L. communis L., Sp. PI. 811 (1753). Stems up to 125 cm. Leaves 10-150 x 10-70 mm, ovate and dentate to lyrate-pinnatifid with large terminal lobe and small lateral lobes; lower long-petiolate, upper sessile or shortly petiolate, sometimes lanceolate and entire. Capitula numerous, in a ± corymbose panicle. Involucre 5-10 x 2-5 mm; outer phyllaries 0.5-1 mm, few, ovate-lanceolate, inner linear-oblong. Ligules (in Turkey) 2-3 x as long as involucre. Achenes 2.5-9 mm, outer much longer than inner. Fl. The following 5 subspecies are rather poorly defined. All of them may have the peduncles glabrous or with varying amounts of glandular hairs. 1. Stems usually numerous, up to 25(-30) cm, often branched below middle; perennial subsp. alpina 1. Stems usually solitary, usually more than 30 cm, usually branched only above middle; annual, biennial or perennial 2. Peduncles mostly not more than 2 x as long as involucre; involucre 6-8 mm subsp. adenophora 2. Peduncles usually longer; involucre 7-10 mm 3. Lower part of stem with dense crispate glandular hairs subsp. pisidica 3. Lower part of stem glabrous or with eglandular hairs only 4. Lower and median cauline leaves usually lyrate-pinnatifid, upper usually narrower and often entire; involucre greenish; ligules about 2 x as long as involucre subsp. intermedia 4. Most leaves broadly ovate and dentate, lower sometimes lyrate-pinnatifid with large ovate-dentate terminal lobe; involucre blackish, at least when young; ligules up to 3 x as long as involucre subsp. grandiflora subsp. intermedia (Bieb.) Hayek, Prodr. FI. Balc. 2:803 (1931). Syn: L. intermedia Bieb., Fl. Taur.-Cauc. 3:540 (1819); L. ramosissima Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1(11):34 (1849), non Crantz (1766); L. peduncularis Boiss., Fl. Or. 3:720 (1875), pro parte; L. glandulosa Freyn & Sint. in Öst. Bot. Zeitschr. 42:266 (1892)! L. communis L. subsp. ramosissima Rech. fil., Fl. Aeg. 674 (1943); L. cappa-docica Bornm. in Feddes Rep. Beih. 89:392 (1944). Ic: Fl. RPR 10: t. 3 f. 2 (1965), as L. grandiflora Bieb. Deciduous and open Pinus forests, rough pasture, shady slopes, stream sides, 100-2400 m. Described from Tauria (Crimea) and Caucasia. Widespread and common. A1(E) Kirklareli: 12 km N. of Demirköy, 400 m, M.Zohary 55629! A2(E) Istanbul: Sariyer, 15 v 1892, Azn.! A2(A) Bursa: 64 km from Tavşanli to Inegöl, 1200 m, (Dudley) D. 36188! A3 Bolu: above Mudurnu, 1150 m, D. 37020! A4 Kastamonu: Küre-Nahas, 1892, Sint. s.n.! A5 Amasya: Mt. Logman, Bornm. 1890:1860! A7 Giresun: 25 km S. of Giresun, 500 m, Sorger 69-23-11! A8 Rize: Rize, 100-200 m, D. 20804! A9 Çoruh: Borçka, Tong 508! Bl Balikesir: Mt. Ida (Kaz Da.) nr Kareikos, Sint. 1883:497 p.p.! B2 Kütahya: 4 km from Demirci to Simav, 1340-1390 m, Hub.-Mor. 14695! B6 Sivas: 14 km N. of Sivas, 1350-1500 m, Sorger 69-49-23! B7 Tunceli: 27 km from Tunceli to Pülümür, 1100 m, D. 29236! B8 Erzurum: 60 km from Erzurum to Erzincan, 2010 m, M.Zohary & Plitm. 2662-13! B9 Bitlis: Tatvan to Tuğ, D.22311! C4 Konya: 34 km from Karaman to Ermenek, 1300 m, Hub.-Mor. 10101! C5 Içel: Gözne, 1000-1100 m, 16 viii 1931, Eig & M.Zohary ! C6 Adana: d. Bahçe, Dildil Da. between Başkonus Y. & Hussein Oluk Çeşmesi, D. 16383! B8 Siirt: 35 km from Siirt to Baykan, 800 m, D. 43109! Balkans, W. Syria, Crimea, Caucasia, N. Iraq, Iran. Plants with long slender peduncles have been called subsp. ramosissima, but they are connected to shorter-peduncled plants by numerous intermediates. Subsp. communis is confined to Europe, and differs from subsp. intermedia in its shorter involucre, and ligules up to only 1.5 x as long as the involucre. |