Fabaceae

Fabaceae

Vicia cracca L. subsp. tenuifolia (ROTH) GAUDIN	Vicia cracca L. subsp. tenuifolia (ROTH) GAUDIN	Vicia cracca L. subsp. tenuifolia (ROTH) GAUDIN
Vicia cracca L. subsp. tenuifolia (ROTH) GAUDIN	Vicia cracca L. subsp. tenuifolia (ROTH) GAUDIN	Vicia cracca L. subsp. tenuifolia (ROTH) GAUDIN

Vicia L.
Vicia cracca L. subsp. tenuifolia (ROTH) GAUDIN
Ömür: Çok yıllık
Yapı: ot
Hayat formu:
İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 5
Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 7
Habitat: Pinus sylvestris ormanında, çalılık, çayırlıklar, dağ bozkırı, kıyılar, tarla kenarları
Minimum yükseklik: 400
Maksimum yükseklik: 2300
Endemik:-
Element: ?
Türkiye dağılımı: KD. ve D. Anadolu
Genel dağılımı: O. ve G. Avrupa, K. ve KB. İran, K. Irak, KB. Afrika
Bulunduğu iller
Bulunduğu kareler :A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A7 A8 A9 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 C2 C3 C4 C5 C7 C8 C9 C10

V. cracca L., Sp. PL 735 (1753). Davis in Notes R.B.G. Edinb. 29: 314 (1969). Maps 57, 58. p. 285.
Slender perennial, erect or climbing, glabrescent or adpressed-hairy. Leaflets (5-)8-16(-20)-paired, 0.8-4 cm, ovate-oblong to linear; stipules slender, semi-hastate, nearly always entire; tendrils branched. Peduncle shorter or longer than leaf; raceme 10-40-flowered, dense or lax. Flowers 13-18(-20) mm, violet or lilac (rarely white). Calyx 3-6 mm, scarcely gibbous, often purplish, the lowest tooth shorter to slightly longer than tube. Limb of standard subequal to nearly twice as long as claw. Style laterally compressed. Legume 20-30 mm, always glabrous. Seeds several.
A very polymorphic species, in which it is particularly, difficult to distinguish between inherited variation and phenotypic plasticity. The complex is at its most variable in the Balkans, Anatolia and Caucasia. The five subspecies recognised for Turkey form a partly discontinuous series, subsp. cracca and subsp. steno-phylla being the two extremes. Although the V. cracca complex has received bio-systematic study in Europe, almost nothing is Known about the group's cytogenetics in Anatolia and Caucasia. The following account is tentative; the eastern limits of the subspecies remain somewhat uncertain, partly due to the questionable status of several 'species' recognised in Caucasia. Specimens of V. cracca sensu lato have often been confused with V. villosa (q.v.).
1.Flowers large, very dark violet, 13-18 mm long; peduncle short, usually 2-4 cm, as long as the conferred raceme: plant erect, with leaflets usually 8-10-paired. oblong-lanceolate to oblong, often subsericeous; limb of standard 1-4/3 × as long as claw: legume as in subsp. qerardii subsp. atroviolacea
1. Plants without the above combination of characters, the peduncles and racemes being longer, and the flowers paler
  2. Standard 10-14 mm, limb subequal or equal to claw, violet-blue: leaflets 10-25 mm. widest at or below the middle, or   parallel-sided; legume ( 17-)20-25 mm, stipe included in the calyx tube or shortly exserted; plant erect or climbing, with   peduncles usually 4-7 cm
     3. Stems weak, climbing, adpressed-pubescent; leaflets 5-12-paired; lowest calyx tooth subequal to tube, lanceolate; legume oblong, with the obliquely truncate ends almost parallel, narrowed into a short stipe included in calyx tube
subsp. cracca
     3. Stems self-supporting, erect, patently or adpressed-pubescent; leaflets 12-16(-20)-paired; lowest calyx tooth as long to slightly longer than tube, subulate; legume obliquely oblong, more gradually narrowed into a stipe equal to or slightly longer than calyx tube subsp. gerardii
  2. Standard 11-18 mm, limb slightly longer to up to 2 x as long as claw, mauve, lilac or violet blue (rarely white);    leaflets 10-40 mm, always parallel-sided; legume 22-30 mm, with an exserted stipe; plants erect with peduncles 4-13 cm
        4. Leaflets oblong-linear, 15-40x2-5 mm, usually obtuse; habit stouter and less twiggy than in subsp. stenophylla; inflorescence rather dense, flowers nodding; limb of standard 3/2-2 x as long as claw; legume obliquely oblong subsp.tenuifolia
         4. Leaflets narrowly linear, 10-30 x0.5-2(-3) mm, acute; habit bushy, with branches and leaf rachides slender and rigid; inflorescence usually lax, flowers often more spreading; limb of standard up to 3/2 x as long as claw; legume obliquely oblanceolate, more attenuate below than in any other subspecies subsp. stenophylla
Subsp.tenuifolia (Roth) Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 4:507 (1829). Figure 3, p. 323. Syn:
V. tenuifolia Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 1:309 (1788); V. boissieri Freyn in Bull. Herb. 3oiss. 3:191 (1895) pro parte! ?V. antiqua Grossh., Fl. Kavk. ed. 1, 2:367 (1930): V. variabilis sensu Grossh., Fl. Kavk. 5:394 (1952) non Freyn (1892)! Ic: Hegi. I11. Fl. Mittel-Eur. 4(3): 1532 f. 1545 (1924); Guinea, op. cit. 113, t. (1953). Fl. (4-)5-7. Finns sylvestris forest, scrub, meadows, mountain steppe, hanks, field margins. 400-2300 m.
Described from Germany.
N.E. & E. Anatolia. A7 Gümüşane: pass between Köse and Gümüşane,2000 m. D. 31963! A8 Çoruh: 10 miles from Artvin to Yusufeli, 400 m. Stainton 8271! A9 Çoruh: Ardanuç to Kordevan Da.. 1450 m, D. 30145! Kars: Yağmurlu Da. above Sarikamiş, 2300 m. D. 32607! S.W. side of Kisir Da.. 2300 m, D. 30508! Erzurum: E of Oltu (Grossheim 5: map 496). B8 Erzurum: Pasinler to Horasan. 1700 m. D. 29451! B9 Bitlis: Tatvan to Tuğ, 1800 m, D. 22330! Van: 5-8 km from Van to Değirmenkoy, 1900 m, D. 44433! Ağri: Murat valley, 2 km S W of Hamur, 1670 m. D. 44076! B10 Van: 5 km of Başkale, 2150 m, D. 45936! C10 Hakkari: 9-10 km from Şemdinli to Yüksekova, 1700 m, D. 45038!
C. & S. Europe, N. & N.W. Iran, N. Iraq; N.W. Africa? Showing some inter-gradation with subsp. stenophylla, particularly in leaf shape. Material from N. Iraq is mostly intermediate between the two subspecies.