Juglandaceae



Juglans regia L.

Juglans L.
Juglans regia L.
Ömür: Çok yıllık
Yapı: ağaç
Hayat formu:
İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 5
Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 5
Habitat: Quercus veya karışık yaprak döken orman, kalkerli kayalık yamaçlar, alüveyaonlu topraklar,
Minimum yükseklik: 0
Maksimum yükseklik: 1550
Endemik: -
Element: ?
Türkiye dağılımı: KD. ve D. Anadolu
Genel dağılımı: Balkanlar, Lübnan, Kafkasya, K. Irak, İran, Afganistan, O. Asya Çin
Bulunduğu iller
Bulunduğu kareler : A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 B1 B2 B3 B5 B7 B8 B9 C2 C3 C4 C6 C10

 
J. regia L., Sp. Pl. 997 (1753). Syn: /. fallax Dode, Bull. Soc. Dendrol. Fr. 1906:89 (1906). Ic: Polunin, Trees & Bushes of Europe 41, f. c-d (1976).
Trees to 25(-30) m with broad round crown. Trunk to 1.5(-2.5) m diam. with silvery-grey, smooth bark. Leaves 22-35 cm; leaflets 5-9(-ll), elliptic to obovate or oblong-ovate, acute or acuminate, entire, glabrous except for hair-tufts in axils of veins beneath. Fruit subglobose, glabrous, green, (4-)5(-6) cm diam., endocarp slightly wrinkled with a thin or thick wall. Fl. 5. Quercus or mixed deciduous forest, calcareous rocky slopes, alluvial soil rich in pebbles within valleys, orchards, s.l.-1550 m.
Described from cultivated specimens (Hb. Linn. 1129/1!).
Presumed native in N.E. & E. Anatolia, but widely planted and naturalized. A1(E) Kirklareli: 6 km from Kırklareli to Pinarhisar, 200 m, Tutel (ISTF 27702)! A1(A) Balikesir: Marmara Adasi, above distr. Marmara, 400 m, E. Tuzlaci (ISTE 38779)! A2(E) Istanbul: d. Çatalca, Deliyunus, 7 km S.W. of Terkos, A. Baytop obs. A2(A) Bursa: Ulu Da., Inkaya above Çekirge, M, Heil-bronn (ISTF 14063)! A3 Sakarya: Sapanca, 10 m, D. 42032(!). A4 Bolu: Mengen to Yalakkuz, 990 m, Malik (ISTO 9764)! A5 Çorum: Köse Da., 600 m, Tobey 2803! A6 Tokat: d. Tokat, 1935, Yiğitoğlu obs. (in litt.). A7 Trab-zon: Maçka to Meryemana forest, 700 m, Yalt. obs. A8 Çoruh: Salalet forest, Diratzouyan 372. A9 Erzurum: Olur, Çiçek-Bilgili (ISTO 7493)! B1 Izmir: Kemalpaşa, foothills of Nif Da., Alava 5055 & Regel (!). B2 Kütahya: d. Simav, Yalt. obs. B3 Afyon: Sultan Da., Dereçine, Dökmeci (ISTE 32856)! B5 Kay-seri: d. Erkilet, Gesi, Develi, Kayacık obs. B7 Tunceli: Pülümür De., Yalt. (ISTO 17105)! B8 Siirt: d. Sason, Öztürk obs. B9 Bitlis: Hizan to Nazarez, Peşmen 3314! C2 Denizli: Honaz Da., Arpacik Y., E. Tuzlaci (ISTE 28008)! C3 Burdur: nr Burdur, Aslanboğa obs. C4 Konya: d. Ermenek, 1935, Yund obs. (in litt). C6 Maraş: d. Andirin, Sarimsak Da., 1100 m, Esin & Çakir (ISTO 7262)! C10 Hakkari: 5 km from Şemdinli to Yüksekova, 1550 m, D. 45021! Is: Lesvos, Cand.; Nisiros, mt. Kiavatis, 550 m, Papatsou 535(!).
Balkans, Lebanon, Caucasus, N. Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, C. Asia eastwards to China. Native or naturalized in many places in Turkey, especially in E. Anatolia. (Small pure stands persist in Tunceli: d. Ovacik, confirmed by forest engineer Kemalettin Sevim in 1971.) Cultivated almost throughout Turkey for its edible fruits (walnuts, in Turkish 'Ceviz') and timber, particularly in the vicinity of Ermenek, Tokat, Bilecik, Tunceli, Bolu, Kastamonu, Bitlis, etc. Its dissemination is mostly carried out by either crows and squirrels or by gypsies. During World Wars I & II, and up to 1950, export of its trunks to European countries diminished Turkish stocks (especially aged trees).