S. annua (L.) L., Sp. PL ed. 2, 813 (1763). Bhattacharjee in Notes R.B.G. Edinb. 33:288-290 (1974). Syn: Betonica annua L., Sp. P1. 573 (1753)! Stachys betonica Crantz, Stirp. Austr. ed. 2(4):264(1769);S. pubescens Ten., Fl. Nap. 1, Prodr. 34 (1811), Ic. vol. 5:14, t. 239 (1835); S. balbissii Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. 2:110 (1821); S. maritima sensu d'Urv., Enum. P1. Ins. Pont.-Eux. 68 (1822) non Gouan (1764); 5. decumbens Willd. ex Bentham in Linnaea 11:336 (1837) non Pers. (1806); S. micrantha C. Koch in Linnaea 21:690 (1848);S. adenocalyx C. Koch, op. cit. 691 (1848);S. neglecta Klokov apud Koccko in Fl. BSSR 4:289 (1955).
Suffrutescent perennial, biennial or annual with or without basal sterile rosettes. Flowering stems usually procumbent, simple or branched, c. 8-50 cm. Stem densely or sparsely retrorse-pubescent, sometimes glabrous at base or throughout, rarely with patent glandular hairs throughout. Basal leaves ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 1-4.5 x 0.5-2.5 cm, crenate, cordate to attenuate at base, petiole 1-5 cm. Cauline leaves ovate-rhomboid, broadly lanceolate to oblanceolate, 1-3 x 0.5-1.5 cm, crenate-dentate, cuneate to attenuate at base, shortly petioled to subsessile, c. 1 cm. Floral leaves elliptic to linear-lanceolate, 1-2 x 0.5-0.8 cm, weakly crenate or entire, subsessile to sessile, as long as or slightly longer than verticillasters above. Leaf indumentum sparsely adpressed-pubescent, sometimes glabrescent with sessile glands. Verticillasters usually remote, 1.5-4 cm distant, few ± approximate above, 4-8-flowered. Bracteoles few, setaceous, 1-2 mm. Pedicels 1-1.5 mm. Calyx sub-bilabiate, sub-campanulate to campanulate, 10-11 mm, ± gibbous at base in fruit; teeth triangular-subulate to lanceolate with 0.5-2 mm hairy spinulescent tip, 1/2-3/4 x calyx tube; calyx lips curved, tube densely villous to adpressed pubescent, sometimes glabrescent, with or without glandular hairs. Corolla creamy-yellow with red markings, 13-19 mm, tube exserted, saccate at base. Nutlets obovoid, 2 x 1.3 mm.
 1. Plant perennial or sometimes biennial
  2. Calyx tube patently pilose in lower part with c. 2 mm hairs  subsp. annua  var. lycaonica
  2. Calyx tube adpressed pubescent throughout and with few patent hairs subsp. annua  var. annua
 1. Plant annual
   3. Stem erect, patently glandular haired throughout  subsp. cilicica
   3. Stem procumbent, glabrescent below, adpressed-pubescent above with glandular hairs or sessile glands or glabrescent throughout
    4. Stem glabrescent with sessile glands; calyx teeth lanceolate-subulate with 0.5-1 mm shortly hairy spinescent tip subsp. annua var. annua
    4. Stem glabrescent below, adpressed-pubescent above, with few glandular hairs; calyx teeth triangular-subulate with 1-2 mm densely setulose tip subsp. ammophila
subsp. annua.
var. lycaonica Bhattacharjee in Notes R.B.G. Edinb. 33:289 (1974). Fl. 5-9. Edge of cultivated and fallow fields, streamsides, denuded forest, limestone gorges and slopes, gravelly banks, sea cliffs, 50-2050 m.
Type: Turkey B2 Kütahya: Gediz to Kütahya, 18 km S. of Kütahya, 1100 m, limestone gorges and slopes, 7 vii 1962, P.H. Davis & Coode, D. 36929 (holo. E!).
Mainly C. Anatolia. A.2(A) Bilecik: 14 km N. of Bilecik, 600 m, Sorger 62-17-11. A3 Ankara: Ankara to Beypazari, 700 m, Akman 962! A4 Ankara: Ankara, Bornm. 1893:3090! A5 Amasya: 10 km from Merzifon to Çorum, A. Baytop (ISTE 9115)! B3 Eskişehir: 3 km W. of Sivrihisar, 1100 m, Sorger 64-32-33! B5 Nevşehir: Göreme, 1130 m, D. 42224! B6 Sivas: Divriği, T. Baytop (ISTE 13004)! B7 Erzincan: nr Aşkole, 1950 m, M. Zohary 671622(!). C2 Denizli: Kizilcabölük to Denizli, 1000 m, Dudley (D. 35339b)! C3 Konya: 61 km S. of Konya, 1350 m, Sorger 70-42-11! C4 Konya: Beyşehir to Konya, 4 km from Beyşehir, 1100 m, Dudley (D. 35841)! C5 Adana: Hacin (Saimbeyli), Maniss. 33b! C6 Adana: Nur Da., mt. Dschappar Dede, Kotschy 1859:6(0.
W. Iran. Ir.-Tur. element.