Liliaceae

O. orthophyllum Ten., Fl. Nap. 4, Syll. App. 3:4(1830). Syn: O. tenui-folium auct. mult, non Guss. (1827); O. byzantinum Aznav. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 46:149 (1899)! Ic: Hegi, 111. Fl. Mittel-Eur. ed. 2, 2(2): f. 548 (1959). Figure I J.
Scape (5-)10-30 cm. Leaves several, exceeding scape, linear to filiform, 1-5 mm broad, with a white line on upper surface, margins usually entire, rarely somewhat denticulate, glabrous. Raceme corymbose, with (4-)10-20 flowers. Perianth segments 12-18 mm or more, white inside, white with a green fascia outside. Fruiting pedicels spreading or slightly arcuate-erect, rarely somewhat drooping, 20-35 mm. Capsule unwinged. 2n-16. Fl. (2-)4-6(-8). Scrub, woodland, meadows, s.l.-2170 m.
Type: [Italy] in pascuis montosis Aprutii: Montegrande presso Pizzoli, Tenore (nolo. NAP).
Widespread. A1(E) Kirklareli: Mahya Da., 1030 m, A. Baytop (ISTE 13254)! A2(E) Istanbul: Kiathane (Kağithane), 1 vi 1895, Azn.(syntype of O. byzantinum)] A4 Kastamonu: W. of Kastamonu towards Safranbolu, 1200 m, Pasche et al. MPR 79/33! A5 Sinop: Ince Burun,Gerne,20m,Tobey 1711! A6 Samsun: 120 km E. of Samsun, 60 m, Grey-Wilson & Hewer 11! A7 Trabzon: Trabzon, 50 m, Stainton 8124! A8 Rize: Rize, Çayeki, Guichard TUR/35/59! A9 Kars: Kağizman, 1300-1500 m, Güneş, 1024! Bl lzmir: Nif Da. above Kemalpaşa, Alava 4853 et al.! B4 Ankara: Tuz G., 10 km S. of Şereflikoçhisar, 950 m, Coode & Jones 160! B5 Yozgat: Himmetdede to Boğazliyan, 1200 m, Coode & Jones 1452! B6 Sivas: E. flank of Tantali Da., 2000 m, Watson 5551! C2 Muğla: Sandras Da., 1000-1700 m, Seçmen 1591 (EGE 17311)! C3 Antalya: Kemer, 2000-2200 m, Peşmen & Güner 4281! C4 Antalya: Gündoğmuş, 1500 m, Çetik 3956! C5 lçel: Mersin, 1100 m, Uslu 1330! C6Maraş: Ağca Da., 1700 m, Sorger 73-15-51! C8 Mardin: 5 km E. of Mardin, 1200 m, D. 28595 (2n = 16)! C10 Hakkari: 20 km N. of Yüksekova, 2170 m, Trelawny & McPhail 2042! Is: Lesvos, 1 km W. of Ayiassos, 550 m, Edmondson & McClintock 2232! Rodhos, Kamiros, Burbidge 168!
S. & C. Europe, N. & N.W. Iran, Caucasia; Morocco (subsp. kochii var. elongatum Maire). O. orthophyllum is a variable species divided by Zahariadi (Fl. Europaea 5:39,1980) into 6 subspecies. All the Turkish material appears to belong to subsp. kochii (Parl.) Maire & Weiller (Fl. d'Afrique du Nord 5:180, 1958), but further research is necessary on the variation of the species in Turkey before this can be established. Maire & Weiller's combination is earlier than Zahariadi's identical one made in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76:357 (1978).
O. woronowii Krassch., a mainly Caucasian species, is recognised by Zahariadi and is mapped for E. Anatolia by Grossheim (Fl. Kavk. 2: map 192); O. transcaucasicum Miscz. is similarly recorded by Grossheim (op. cit.,map 194). The differences between these and O. orthophyllum are very slight, and further study of living material is desirable.
O. undulatum Zahar. in Bull. Soc. Bot. 128: Lettres Bot. 304 (1981) has been recently described on the basis of Sint. 1892:4656 from A5 Kastamonu, Tosya. This is reputed to differ from O. orthophyllum in characters of seed morphology and germination.