Malvaceae



Ficus carica L.
subsp. carica

Ficus carica L.
subsp. carica

Ficus carica L.
subsp. carica

Ficus carica L.
subsp. carica

Ficus L.
Ficus carica L. subsp. carica (ALL.) SCHINZ ET THELL.
Ömür: Çok yıllık
Yapı: ağaç
Hayat formu:
İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 3
Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 9
Habitat: açık alanlar, karışık ormanlar, taşlı yamaçlar, vadiler, kaya oyukları
Minimum yükseklik: 20
Maksimum yükseklik: 1770
Endemik: -
Element: ?
Türkiye dağılımı: Türkiye
Genel dağılımı: D. Akdeniz, Türkmenistan, Tacikistan
Bulunduğu iller
Bulunduğu kareler : A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 B1 B3 B6 B7 B8 B9 C1 C2 C3 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9

 

F. carica L., Sp. Pl. 1059 (1753).
Shrub or tree to 10 m or more tall. Young twigs green, later brown, usually puberulent; older ones grey, smooth, thick and rigid, feebly branched. Leaves deciduous, large, 5-20(-35) cm long and broad, sometimes broader than long, ± deeply 3-5(-7)-lobed or entire, usually cordate, scabrid, often ± pubescent beneath, exceptionally almost glabrous; margin undulate-crenate to dentate, mainly in upper part; petiole 2-8(-10) cm, thick. Syncarp single, 2-3 cm (to 8 cm in cultivated forms), pyriform or depressed-globose, on short stipe or sessile, greenish, yellowish to violet, glabrous or puberulent. Fl. 3-4, 5-6, 8-9. Open places and mixed forests, stony slopes in river valleys, in fissures of rocks, 10-1770 m.
1. Leaves large, usually more than 10 cm, ± lobate, sometimes entire, roundish in outline; strong shrubs or trees subsp. carica
1. Leaves smaller, usually less than 10 cm, entire, broadly ovate to ovate-oblong, acute; small shrubs subsp. rupestris
subsp. carica. Syn: F. carica L. var. genuina Boiss., Fl. Or. 4:1154 (1879);.F. colchica Grossh. in Izv. Azerb. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR 1-2:111 (1939); F. hyrcana Grossh., loc. cit. (1939). Ic: Hegi, I11. Fl. Mittel-Eur. ed. 2, 3(1): t. 87 f. 1 (1957); Fl. Armenii 4: t. 37 (1962).
Described from S. Europe & Asia (Caria, S.W. Turkey) (Hb. Linn. 1240/1).
Widespread, especially in Outer Anatolia. A1(E) Kirklareli: nr Iğneada, Grisebach. A2(E) Istanbul: Thérapia (Tarabya), 1890, Azn. (cultivated)! A2(A) Bilecik: Osmaneli to Bilecik, nr Selimiye, 100 m, D. 36339! A3 Zon-guldak: 10 km W. of Kozlu, 5-10 m, D. 37555! A4 Kastamonu: nr Inebolu, Czeczott 632. A5 Sinop: Ince Burun, 30 m, Tobey 1631! A6 Ordu: Fatsa to Ünye, Zeybek. A7 Trabzon: d. Maçka, Esiroğlu, Calyan De., 160 m, Anşin (ISTO 16209)! A8 Erzurum: 5 km N. of Tortum G., 1000 m, D. 47643! B1 Izmir: nr Çesme, cultivated?, 1977, Browicz obs.! B3 Eskişehir: Mihaliççik, Gevizleyik De., 800 m, Ekim 705! B7 Malatya: Arga (Akçadağ) to Malatya, 1906, B. & G. Post! B8 Elaziğ: 40 km W. of Bingöl, 1350 m, Sorger 77-83-7! C1 Aydin: Kuşadasi, Samsun Da., Kayacik & Yalt. (ISTO 3392)! C2 Muğla: nr Köyceğiz, D. 13567! C3 Antalya: d. Kemer, Kesmeçay forest district, Tan-tali section, 400 m, Iyicil & Somer (ISTO 5842)! C5 Adana: d. Feke, Göksu gorge below Himmetli, 700-800 m, D. 19859! C6 Gaziantep: nr Oral, Aintab (Gaziantep) to Nisib (Nizip), 1865, Haussknecht (cultivated)! Is: Tokmakia Is., (N.E. of Lesvos), Barbalias, 30-40 m, Edmondson & McClintock 2470! Leros, Iconomopoulos; Rodhos, Faenz to Salakos, Mazzochi.The subspecies is wild or naturalised from the E. Mediterranean to Turk-menia and Tadzhikistan. The principal areas of cultivation in Turkey are in the valleys of the Küçük and Büyük Menderes.