Orchidaceae

O. mammosa Desf. in Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 10:222, t. Î 2 (Î807). Syn: O. aranifera Hudson var. mammosa (Desf.) Reichb, SI., Ic. Fl. Germ. 13/14: 89, t. 101 f. 1 (1851); O. aranifera Hudson subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Sooin Notizbl. Bot. Gait. Berlin 9(89):907 (1926); 0. atrata auct. non lindley (Î827). Ic: Asibriet in Desf., Choix PI. t. 2 (1808):Nelson, Gestaltwandel t. 24, t. 46 f. 1-5 (1962);Danesch, Orch. Eur., Südeur. t. 98 (1969). Map 86.
Plants 20-50 cm, with 3-6(-9) oblong-oyate to lanceolate leaves, densely crowded near base. Spike 2-1 OC-lSJ-flowered. Flowers large. Sepals green, to 14 mm, dorsal elect, oblong, obtuse, with, edges sometimes rolled backwards, laterals spreading, ovate-laaceolate, lower halves sometimes tinged reddish- or purplish-browa. Petals owte-lanceoiate, lanceolate or îigulate, to 9 mm, glabrous, or minutely hairy, yellowish or brownish-green. Labeiium round or ovate, usually ±flat or slightly arched, to 16 x 16 mitt, entire or rarely with small lateral incisions, minutely mucronate at apex, with two roundish bosses near base, bosses usually villous on their outer side, dark maroon to blackish-brown velvety; speculum ± H-shaped, pale bluish, glabrous. Column with short connective to i(-l .5) mm. FL 3-4(-5j. Grassy hillsides, phrygana, macchie, Quer-aa scrub and woodland, open Finns forest, s.l -1250 m.
Type: [Orient] The Levant, Toumefort ('Orchis orientalis fucum referens, flore mammoso').
Turksy-in-Europs, Outer Anatolia, Islands. A1(E) Tekirdağ: 3 km W. of Inecik, 250 m, A. & T. Baytop (ISTE 10886)! A1(A) Çanakkale: Renkoei (Erenköy), Scat. 1883:383! A2(E) istanbul: Halkali, 21V 1907, Azn.i A2(A) Bursa: Bursa, Î886, B. Post! A3 Bolu: S. of Mudurnu, nr Abant, Davidson 335! A4 Bofc: c. 10 km S,W. of Mengen, Taub. 76,109! AS Amasya: nr Amasya, Maniss. 623! A6 Samsun: c. 1 km N.W. of Kizilay Campi, 15 m, Tobey 42! A7Trabzon:3kmS,ofMaçka,350m,Taub.78.304! ASTrabzon: Çaykara, Sucderm. obs. Bl Izmir: 8.7 km S. of Kemalpaşa towards Torbali, 450 m, Taub. 78.7! 82 Kütahya: N. of Gediz towards Kütahya, 1250 m, Taub. 76.83! CI Matla: Beçmköyü nr Milas,, E. Sezfic (İSTE 8365a)! C2 Aydin: Çine to Yatağan, 300 m, D. 25219! C3 Antalya: 33.5 km from road junction 12 km E. of Manavgat to Akseki, 650 m, Taub. 78.60! C4Içei: N.W. of Silifke, Sunderra. cbs. is: Lesvos, between Mitilini and Lutra, 120-180 m, Gölz & Reirihard 17816! KMos, between Tholopotamion and Panagia Sikeîias, Goulandris & Goulimis 196; îkaıia, between Hag. Kyrikos and Therma, 50-100 m, Rech. 54214! Samos, Kap Kotzikas, Rech. 3507! Kos, Ascîepeionnr Kos, 100 m, D. 40405! Rodhos, mt. Pezula nr Koskino, Renz 475!
Widespread is Eastern Mediterranean. E. Medit. element. A late-flowering gathering from A7 Trabzon: Zigana pass, 600 m, Furse & Synge 166a! differs in having a labeiium without bosses, narrowed towards the apex and perianth segments tinged with rose. Further observations on such plants are necessary; they may be of hybrid origin.