Poaceae

P. holciforme(Bieb.)Roemer& Schultes, Syst. Veg. 2:328(1817).
Large tufted perennial. Stems 30-100(-130) cm, 3-4-noded, glabrous. Leaf sheaths glabrous; ligules 3-7(-10) mm, obtuse to acute, often lacerate, on vegetative shoots shorter and more obtuse. Leaf blades flat or involute, to 30 x 1 cm, upper surface glabrous, rarely pilulose to scabridulous, lower surface glabrous in basal part, scabridulous to scabrid towards apex or throughout. Panicle lax, 15-30(-37) cm, branches erect-ascending to spreading, lower ones paired, rarely in whorls of 4, scabrid in upper part. Spikelets ovate to lanceolate. Glumes green with hyaline or yellowish margins and tips, acuminate; lower 5-8-veined, upper 5-7-veined. Lemma ovate, acute. Awn terminal, slightly bent, caducous. Lodicules c. 1 mm, lower ones broadly ovate, uppernearly linear. Anthers 3-4.5 mm, bearded or with few hairs. Caryopsis ellipsoid, 3-3.5 x 1.5 mm.
1. Spikelets (8.5-)9-14 mm;lemma (6.5-)7-8(-9) mm;awn (7-)ll-14(-18) mm subsp, longiglume var. longiglume
1. Spikelets (6-)7-l 0(-l 1) mm; lemma (4.5-)5-6(-6.5) mm; awn 5-8(-10) mm subsp. holciforme
2. Lemma hairy var. holciforme
2. Lemma glabrous at least in upper 2/3 var. glabrum
subsp. holciforme.
var. holciforme. Syn: Agrostis holciformis Bieb., Fl.Taur.-Cauc. 1:54(1808); Urachne grandiflora Trin., Gram. Uniflor. 174 (1824)! nom. superfl.; Milium holciforme (Bieb.) Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 1:251 (1824); U. sinaica Steudel, Syn. Pl. Glum. 1:122 (1854)! Oryzopsis holciformis (Bieb.) Hackel in Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Kl. 50(2):8 (1885);Piptatherum sinaicum Boiss. ex Steudel, loc. cit. (1854), nomen! O. kopetdaghensis Roshev. in Fl. URSS 2:743 (1934);P. karataviense Roshev. in Not. Syst. (Leningrad) 14:110(1951). Ic: Fl. Iraq 9: t. 155 (1968), as O. holciformis. Map 107. Fl. 4-8. Mixed or open Pinus forest, granitic rock, serpentine, limestone slopes and screes, by lakes, river valleys and gorges, s.l-3200 m.
Type: [Crimea] in Tauria meridionali, circa pagum Alupkam, inter saxa, Marschall von Bieberstein (holo. LE).
N., W., S. & Inner Anatolia. A4 Kastamonu: Tosya, Sint. 1892:4943! A6 Tokat: Zile, Karakum, 1100 m, Doğan 307! A7 Gümüşane: Stavrosdere, nr Basbin (Bazbend), Sint. 1894:7609! A8 Erzurum: gorge N.E. of Tortum, 1100 m, Markgraf 11006! A9 Kars: Arasvalley, 30 km W. of Kağızman, 1350 m, Rech. 57477! Bl Izmir: Izmir to Manisa, 700 m, Bal. 1854:3! B3 Konya: Sultan Da., above Akşehir, 1470 m, A. Baytop (İSTE 29370)! B4 Ankara: 10 km N. of Ankara, 13 vii 1962, M. Zohary! B6 Adana: d. Saimbeyli, Bozoğlan Da., above Obruk Y., ,1900-2000 m, D. 19776! Maraş,: Hadjin to Karakilise, 9 vii 1906, B.Post 1906:200! B7 Erzincan: Kota, Sin 1.1890:2564! B9Bitlis: Nemrut Da., 2250 m, 11 viii 1972, Spencer 0101! C2 Antalya: Adalia (Antalya), s.1., Bourgeau 1860:276 p.p.! C3 Konya: d.. Akseki, c. 50 km from Akseki to Beyşehir, 1400 m, It. Leyd. 1959:891 (lemmas very sparsely hairy)! C5 Hatay: on way to Yayladağ, A. Baytop (ISTE 7042)! Cß Maras: Berit Da., 2440 m, 9 viii 1865, Hausskn.! Hatay: Amanus above Belen, 1866, Hausskn.! C9 Hakkari: Kara Da., 3200 m, D. 24433! C10 Hakkari: Cilo Da., 2440 m, D.24276!
Crimea, Caucasia, Turkmenia, N. Iraq, N.W., W. & C. Iran, Afghanistan,