Ranunculaceae

T. ranunculinus (Smith) Stearn J. Bot. 79:190(1941). Syn: Helleborus ranun-culinus Smith, PI. Ic. Ined. 2: t. 37 (1790); T. asiaticusL., Sp. PI. 557 (1753) p.p.; T. patulus Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 8: 303 (1807); T. caucasicus Stev. in Mém. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 266 (1812). Ic.: Fl. Armenia 1: t. 35 (1954).
Roots fibrous, dense. Stems erect, glabrous, 9-70 cm, surrounded below by persistent, fibrous leaf-bases. Lower leaves long-petiolate, palmately divided into 5-7 deeply toothed or palmatifid segments. Outer perianth of 5-7 petaloid seg-ments, 12-17 mm. Inner series of numerous spathulate or linear, dark yellow segments, about equalling the stamens. Follicles numerous, forming a dense head. Fl. 5-6. Moist places, 2000-3000 m.
Type: [Turkey] in Cappadocia, Tournefort.
Lazistan, Armenia, Kurdistan. A7 Gümüşane: Karagöl Da., Schalgan, Sint. 1894: 7112! Trabzon: Zigana, 2000 m, Guichard 98/62! A8 Çoruh: Tiryal Da. above Murgul, 2400 m, D. 29981! Erzurum: Bayburt to Erzurum, v 1853, Huet! A9 Çoruh: Kordevan Da., 2100 m, D. 30349! Kars: Kisir Da., 2400 m, D. 30557! B9 Van: Kepir Da. nr. Hoşap, 2800 m, D. 23351! C9 Hakkari: Kara Da., 3000 m, D. 24357!
Caucasia, N.W. Iran. The two gatherings from Kurdistan have very narrow leaf segments and agree with plants described as forma tenuisecta Busch (in Fl. Cauc. Crit. 3(3): 21 (1901) - under T. patulus) from Transcaucasia.