Rosaceae

G. rivale L., Sp. Pl. 501 (1753). Ic: Hegi, I11. F1. Mittel-Eur. 4(2): t. 152(1922). Gajewski, op. cit., t. 9 (1957).
Erect perennial, 20-60 cm. Basal leaves pinnate, 10-35 cm with 3-8 pairs of unequal leaflets; terminal leaflet 2-7 cm, ovate to reniform, serrate, lobed; laterals smaller. Cauline leaves usually 3-partite. Inflorescence a 2-6-fiovvered cyme. Flowers nodding. Calyx brownish-purple; epicalyx segments linear. 4-6 mm; sepals c. 10 mm. Petals pinkish-cream, obtuse to emarginate, 9-14 mm, long-clawed. Achenes more than 100, c. 4 mm; rostrum 8-9 mm, hairy. Carpophore 5-10 mm. Fl. 5-7. Damp meadows, by streams, 1250-3000 m.
Described from Europe (Hb. Cliff.!).
N. & E. Anatolia. A2(A) Bursa: Ulu Da., 2000 m, 1968, Quézel et al. A4 Kastamonu: N. side of Ilgaz Da., 1900 m, D. 38341! A5 Sinop: Kös Da., 1250 m, Tobey 2779! Çorum: forest road to summit of Köse Da., 1400 m, Coode & Jones 1938! A9 Çoruh: Ziyaret Da. (Yalnizçam Da.) between Ardahan and Artvin, 2300 m, D. 30278! Kars: 10 km from Sarikamiş to Karakurt, 2050 m, D. 46588! B6 Maraş: Göksun, Binboğa Da. on Işik Da. above Karli Y., 2200 m, D 19997! Sivas: Tokat to Yildizeli, S. side of Çamlibel Geçidi, 1600 m, Coode & Jones 1981! B8 Erzincan: Keşiş Da. above Cimin, 2450 m, D. 31807! B8 Muş: Kurtek Da., obave Muş, 1450-1750 m, Watson et al. 2820! B9 Van: W. side of pass between Hoşap and Başkale, 2650 m, D. 44738! Europe (except the Mediterranean region), Caucasus, N. Asia, N. America. Hybrids between this species and G. urbanum (G. x intermedium Ehrh.) are frequent in Europe and may occur in Turkey.