L. pyramidata (Lam.) Sprengel, Syst. Veg. 2:796 (1825). Syn: Antirrhinum pyramidatum Lam., Encycl. 4:360 (1798); Linaria pyramidata (Lam.) Sprengel var. kotschyana Boiss., Fl. Or. 4:370 (1879)! L. lenkoranica Kupr. in Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR ser. 1, 9:67 (1950). Map 49, p. 657.
Erect perennial, 30-80 cm. Stems stout, usually simple, densely foliose. Median leaves ovate to narrowly oblong-elliptic, 45-80 x 10-20 mm, base obtuse to sub-amplexicaul, apex acute, 3-5-nerved. Raceme spike-like, dense, usually terminal, 5-20 cm, large-flowered. Bracts lanceolate to ovate, ciliate, exceeding stout 1-2 mm pedicels. Calyx lobes broadly ovate-oblong, 7-8x4-5 mm, obtuse. not membranous margined, shortly and densely glandular-villous (hairs multicellular). Corolla bright yellow, ascending-erect, 18-24 mm, bilabiate to 1/2-⅔,upper lip arched over palate; spur 10-13 mm, in line with corolla tube, acute. Capsule 6-8 mm, subequal to calyx. Seeds winged, 1.5-2 mm, disc tuberculate. Fl. 6-7. Rocky volcanic slopes and lava cliffs, 1600-2440 m.
Type: Armenia, Tournefort (holo. P-Tourn. 967, photo!).
E. Anatolia. B8 Erzurum: Erzurum, Zohrab 736! B9 Ağri: Tutak to Hamur, 1600 m, Karamanoğlu 66-73! Muş: Teng valley, Kotschy 513 (type of var. kotsch-yana)! Van: Erek Da., 2440 m, D. 22903! C10 Hakkari: Nehil Çayi, 48-55 km from Hakkari to Yüksekova, 1600-1700 m, D. 44886! Transcaucasia, N.W. Iran; Talysh? N. Iraq? Ir.-Tur. element. A very handsome species.